We have a rectangular grid of points where one corner is (0,0) and the other corner is (,), where , represent the width and height of the grid, respectively. From each point (,), we can move along one of the cardinal directions to (,) {( 1,) ,(1,) ,(, 1), (,1)}, as long as 0 and 0 (i.e, we are not allowed to move out of the grid)