We have discussed in class that the tendency is for organizations to flatten their structures rather than maintain 'old' bureaucratic structures. There are several benefits that accrue to them in doing this. These benefits include:

	a.	Reducing middle management
	b.	More access to senior management in the organization without extensive chain of command issues becoming impediments to direct communication between line workers and senior levels of management.
	c.	Flatness increases the speed of response of the organization to shifts in the markets and customers needs.
	d.	All the above are benefits of flattening an organization.

What do IKEA, Southwest Airlines and Cirque de Soliel have in common strategically?

	a.	All of them are companies based on the RBV approach to strategy
	b.	All of them were 'reinvented' by Blue Ocean Strategy
	c.	They all serve the same basic customers; the general public
	d.	All of the above.