1. What is meant by the concept of derived demand? Why is it so important in the area of transportation for shippers and carriers? Please give some examples?
2. What are the major forces or external factors which have impacted our economy during the latter part of the 20^th and the early part of the 21^st century? How have each of these factors influenced companies as well as their respective supply chains?
3. Explain the nature and importance of time and place utility, and how they contribute to the value of a product.
4. While improved transportation systems provide economic benefits, there may be some associated environmental costs. What are the major enviornmental costs associated with transportation and what is their potential negative impacts?

5. How might pricing strategies differ among carriers in perfectly competitive markets, oligopolistic markets, and monopolistic markets?