What is the cost of equity if debt ratio is increased to 60%?

		9%
		12%
		13%
		15%
		18%

Your company currently has $400 million debt and $600 million equity, i.e. debt ratio of 40%. The current debt market condition prevents you from raising the debt ratio over 60%. To maximize the value the company, you are considering choosing the optimal capital structure from two possible debt ratios, 40% or 60%. ...... Since the company has invested in all positive NPV projects, you do not want to change the amount of total assets. Therefore, if you decide to borrow more debt, the proceeds will be used to buy back stock. The credit rating is determined by EBIT coverage ratio (see Exhibit 1). The interest rate of all debt is tied to credit rating (see Exhibit 2). Your company is expected to maintain EBIT of $80 million. Your current rating is A-, which corresponds to an interest rate of 3.84%. Current stock beta (levered beta) is 1.4. The risk free rate is 3% and the market risk premium is 6%. You company faces a marginal tax rate of 21%. Exhibit 1 Vf EBIT Cov> EBIT Cov s to Rating is Exhibit 2 Rating AAA Default Spread (in basis points) 30 8.50 100000 AAA 6.5 8.5 AA AA 50 5.5 6.5 A+ A+ 63 4.5 5.5 A A 71 3 A- A- 84 4.5 3 2.5 BBB BBB 117 2 25 2.5 BB+ BB+ 190 2 2.25 BB BB 265 1.75 2 B+ B+ 330 B B 395 1.5 1.25 1.75 1.5 B- B- 720 0.8 1.25 CCC 1375 CCC CC 0.65 0.8 CC 1600 0.2 1800 0.65 0.2 -100000 D D 2000