When medications are given to a patient in an IV, the IV solution must be equivalent (isotonic) to blood plasma. If not, the IV solution added to patient can cause cells to shrink or expand as water tries to equilibrate the interior of each cell with the blood. Correct medication doses (called "compounding") must be computed by pharmacists to create isotonic solutions. The most accurate approach uses freezing point depression differences to calculate the correct salt concentration needed. Blood plasma has a freezing point depression of 0.52 so the compounds in solution must add up to the 0.52 total. Assume the density of solution is 1.0g/mL. a. The freezing point depression of a 1.0% w/v morphine sulfate solution was measured as 0.1382C. Calculate the approximate molar mass of morphine sulfate if the van't Hoff factor is 2.85. Ans: 384.2g/mol b. To create the proper isotonic solution for the 1.0% morphine sulfate IV bag, pharmacists must add enough NaCl to drop the freezing point of solution an additional 0.3818C. How many grams of NaCl should be added to make 100mL of IV solution with a freezing point depression of 0.3818C ? (Assume the solution contains 100g of solvent.) Ans: 0.6gNaCl