Which of the following establishes a prima facie case of discrimination based on disparate treatment?

A) plaintiff applied for a job/promotion; the job was filled by an applicant of another race or gender

B) plaintiff is part of a protected class; he/she applied for a job/promotion etc.; selection ratio for those similarly situated was less than 80 percent

C) plaintiff is part of a protected class; he/she applied for a job/promotion etc.; was rejected, but the job remained open or was filled by someone else

D) the selection ratio for protected class A (the minority group) is less than 80 percent of the selection ratio for protected class B (the majority group)