Which of the following involve issues of substantive law vs. procedural law?

a) John is appearing in court to enter his plea to criminal charges against him

b) Jacob and Frank are getting divorced. Frank is claiming that he is legally entitled to be paid spousal support by Jacob.

c) Janet is a bailiff. Janet is swearing an Affidavit that she served court documents on Dave, on a certain date and at a specific location.

d) Greg and Amanda are neighbours. Greg cut down a tree, on the border between the two plots of land. The tree was mainly on Amandas side of the border but also straddled Gregs land. Amanda is very angry that Greg cut down the tree and claims the tree belonged to her, not Greg.

e) Sam is upset that he has been passed over for a promotion again. Sam believes that his boss dislikes him, and ignored him for the promotion, because of Sams ethnicity.