Which of the following laws addresses privacy and security concerns associated with the electronic transmission of PHI, in part through several provisions that strengthen HIPAA rules for civil and criminal enforcement?

a$.$ Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health $($HITECH$)$ Act of $2009$

b$.$ Computer Fraud and Abuse $($CFA$)$ Act of $1986$

$.$ Electronic Communications Privacy Act $($ECPA$)$ of $1986$

d$.$ Sarbanes$-$Oxley $($SOX$)$ Act of $2002$