Which of the following statements about attitude is FALSE?

a.Attitude represents a predisposition to respond to an object.

b.Attitude changes over time quickly.

c.Attitude is a latent variable that produces consistency in behavior.

d.Attitude has a directional quality.

e.Attitude and liking are similar notions.

c2.Which of the following statements about attitudes is FALSE?

a.Attitudes represent a person's ideas or convictions, with regard to a specific object or idea.

b.Attitude plays a key role in many marketing models that describe consumer behavior.

c.Although attitude is a key concept, it is generally regarded as unrelated to actual purchase behavior.

d.In general, practitioners have a strong interest in consumer attitudes and attitude research.

e.Attitudes are relatively stable.

d3.A company might be interested in assessing the attitudes of

a.its employees.

b.its customers.

c.its suppliers.

d.all of the above.

e.a and b only.

e4.Attitude represents

a.a predisposition to respond to an object.

b.behavior toward an object.

c.a person's ideas, convictions, or liking for a specific object or idea.

d.all of the above.

e.a and c only.

c5.The assessment of attitudes by noting consumers' facial expressions when examining a new product involves the assumption that

a.a consumer's reaction is, to a large extent, determined by his personality.

b.consumer behavior is largely determined by stimulusresponse mechanisms.

c.a consumer's behavior is in part determined by his attitude, and that attitudes can be inferred from behavior.

d.behavior changes attitudes.

e.observations of behavior will lead to accurate assessment of attitudes when experienced observers are used.

a6.As defined in the text, measurement consists of

a.the assignment of numbers (representing quantities of attributes) to objects or events according to rules.

b.a theory of hypothesis construction.

c.isolating those objects which may be shown to possess the mathematicalproperties of activity.

d.a continuum which complies with the basic axioms of mathematics.

e.all of the above.

b7.Which of the following is FALSE?

a.In measurement theory, it is not possible to directly measure objects themselves.

b.It is easy to determine which properties of the scale of numbers apply in a given measurement situation.

c.When numbers are assigned to represent attributes of objects, the relationship between the numbers may not be the same as the relationship between the attributes, which affects what one can say about the numbers.

d.We defined measurement as the "assignment of numerals to represent quantities of attributes."For nominal scaling, the rule is "do not assign the same numeral to different classes or different numerals to the same class."

e.Ratio scales allow more powerful modes of analysis than ordinal scales.

e8.Which of the following objects can be directly measured?

a.a person

b.a car

c.an attitude

d.all of the above

e.none of the above

c9.In measurement we measure

a.objects.

b.quantities of objects.

c.quantities of attributes of objects.

d.only constructs with visual referents.

e.only constructs with nonvisual referents.

a10.Which of the following is FALSE?

a.You are studying the product life cycle phenomenon attempting to classify certain products into the following stages: introduction, growth, maturity, saturation, and decline.This represents nominal scaling.

b.The above products can be further classified according to whether they are consumer or industrial goods.This is an example of nominal scaling.

c.The respondent's sex is an example of a nominal scale.

d.a and b.

e.a, b, and c.

a11.Which of the following statements about nominal scales is true?

a.The numbers identify the objects.

b.The numbers order the objects.

c.The median can be used as the measure of average.

d.The mean can be used as the measure of average.

e.a and c are both true.

c12.Which of the following about nominal data is TRUE?

a.Possible operations with nominal scales are few, but due to the fact that the properties of "greater than" or "less than" apply, the addition of numbers is permissible.

b.The median is an appropriate measure of central tendency with nominal data.

c.A nominal scale is associated with the concept of order.

d.Computing the median is an unacceptable statistical operation when one is dealing with nominal data.

e.They are all false.

e13.Which of the following has NOT been used to measure attitude?

a.observation of behavior

b.indirect techniques

c.physiological reactions

d.performance of objective tasks

e.all of the above have been used to measure attitude.

e14.The notion that equal differences among scores represent equal differences in the amount of the attribute possessed by the object applies toscales.

a.nominal

b.ordinal

c.interval

d.ratio

e.interval and ratio

c15.Which of the following statements is NOT true of an ordinal scale?

a.It has the property of identity.

b.It has the property of order.

c.The mean is an appropriate measure of average.

d.All of the above are true of an ordinal scale.

e.a and c only are not true of an ordinal scale.

b16.Which of the following about ordinal data is TRUE?

a.An ordinal scale implies order but not identity.

b.The attribute being measured must possess the ordinal property to allow ordinal scaling that is meaningful.

c.With an ordinal scale we can say the difference between the first and second is the same as the difference between the second and the third.

d.The calculation of means is appropriate with ordinal data.

e.Grade point average is a good example of an ordinal scale.

b17.Which of the following is TRUE?

a.The recording of a respondent's social class using the categories upper, middle, and lower represents the use of a nominal scale.

b.An ordinal scale can be transformed in any manner possible, provided that the basic ordering of the objects is maintained.

c.When the scale has an arbitrary zero point, it makes sense to say that A is twice as much as B.

d.Interval scales possess an absolute zero point whereas ordinal scales do not.

e.They are all false.

c18.Which of the following about interval scales is FALSE?

a.An interval scale exhibits the property of order.

b.Absolute magnitudes cannot be compared using an interval scale because the zero point is established arbitrarily.

c.The number of years the respondent has lived at a particular address is an example of an interval scale.

d.a and b.

e.a, b, and c.

a19.With an interval scale

a.we cannot compare the absolute magnitude of numbers.

b.we cannot state that the difference between .25 and .50 is the same as the difference between 37.75 and 38.00.

c.there is no zero point.

d.the median and mode, but not the mean are meaningful measures of average.

e.They are all false.

d20.scales possess an absolute zero.

a.Nominal

b.Ordinal

c.Interval

d.Ratio

e.none of the above

d21.Any monotonic positive transformation of the numerals can be performed on which type of scale?

a.nominal

b.ordinal

c.interval

d.a and b

e.positive monotonic transformations can be applied to any scales

a22.Which of the following scales is reflected by an attribute of an object which represents a nonordered classification?

a.nominal

b.ordinal

c.interval

d.ratio

e.none of the above