Which type of quality cost is the cost incurred as a result of rectifying substandard products? A. Appraisal costs B. Internal failure costs C. External failure costs D. Prevention costs Kaizen costing aims to reduce costs during the . phase of a product's life. A. production B. post-production C. design D. testing costing is seen as part of the total life-cycle costing approach, in that cost savings are sought at a very early stage in the life-cycle, durin the pre-production phase. A. Target B. Activity-based C. Marginal D. Kaizen Activity-based costing (ABC) seeks to identify which one of the following? A. Activity drivers B. Cost drivers C. Expense drivers D. Value drivers Which method of costing is based on a rejection of the traditional cost-plus approach to product pricing? A. Activity-based costing B. Total life cycle costing C. Kaizen costing D. Target costing