You are a fund manager of a fixed income portfolio. You filter fixed income securities by characteristics including maturity and credit rating in order to form your portfolio allocation, providing higher portfolio weights to securities with longer maturities and higher credit ratings. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentence. This portfolio process is consistent with Select one: O a. Arbitrage O b. Fundamental analysis O c. Passive screening O d. Activist value investing O e. Value-weighting