You are interested in studying the variability of crimes committed (including violent and property crimes) and police expenditures in the eastern and Midwestern United States. The U.S. Census Bureau collected the following statistics on these two variables for 21 states in the East and Midwest in 2008.

The SPSS output showing the mean and the standard deviation for both variables is presented below.

a. What are the means? The standard deviations?

b. Compare the mean with the standard deviation for each variable. Does there appear to be more variability in the number of crimes or in police expenditures per capita in these states? Which states contribute more to this greater variability?

c. Suggest why one variable has more variability than the other. In other words, what social forces would cause one variable to have a relatively large standard deviation?

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