You have conducted an experiment examining scent-marking behavior in male red-backed salamanders (Plethodon cinereus). You have exposed different groups of males to one of four situations: (1) control, with the male alone in a cage; (2) scent cues from a female P. cinereus have been introduced to the males container; (3) scent cues from another male P. cinereus have been introduced to the males container; and (4) scent cues from a male Plethodon glutinosus have been introduced to the males container. You then measure the volume (in mm³) of fecal pellets left by males; these fecal pellets serve as a territory mark in these salamanders. You obtain the following results, where PC = Plethodon cinereus and PG = Plethodon glutinosus:

SUMMARY
Groups	Count	Sum	Average	Variance
Control	10	234	23.4	10.49
PC Female Cues	10	236	23.6	10.93
PC Male Cues	10	272	27.2	9.29
PG Male Cues	10	305	30.5	12.56
ANOVA
Source of Variation	SS	df	MS	F	P-value	F crit
Factor A (Cue Type)	340.88	3	113.63	10.50	<0.0001	2.87
Within Groups	389.59	36	10.82
Total	730.47	39

• Perform a Tukeys HSD post-hoc test to determine which means are significantly different from each other. Do this for all pairwise comparisons.
• Construct a set of orthogonal planned comparisons to further examine the results of your experiment. Be sure to show me that you have tested the comparisons to make sure they are orthogonal! Please show exactly how to do!!