Your client is seeking permanent residence on H&C grounds. One factor to be considered is the hardship they would face if they were required to apply from their country of origin. You want to see cases that have been decided on this issue to support your submissions on behalf of the client. Your best first step is to: Question 6 options: Do the following keyword search from the CanLII homepage: "hardship". Consult an authoritative secondary source; let it point you to cases decided on this issue. Consult LEGISinfo to see when the relevant provision was last amended. Consult a full text database and browse for cases