4.1 Consider which of the relationships below are likely to have a positive and which are likely to have a negative correlation coefficient.

(a) The distance a vehicle travels and the fuel consumed

(b) The demand for laptop computers and their price

(c) The average temperature of countries and the sales of warm clothing

(d) The amount consumers spend on motor insurance and their age

(e) The population of countries and the amount of waste they generate

(f) The income of people and the amount of income tax they pay.