11.14 Smoking and alcohol Refer to the previous exercise.

A similar table relates cigarette use to alcohol use.

The MINITAB output for the chi-squared test follows.

a. True or false: If we use cigarette use as the column variable and alcohol use as the row variable, then we will get different values for the chi-squared statistic and the P-value shown in the output.

b. Explain what value you would get for the z statistic and P-value if you conducted a significance test of H0: p1 = p2 against Ha: p1 • p2, where p1 is the population proportion of non-cigarette users who have drunk alcohol and p2 is the population proportion of cigarette users who have drunk alcohol.

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Dayton student survey Row: cigarette Columns: alcohol no yes 281 46 yes 500 1449 Pearson Chi-Square 451.404, DF = 1, P-value = 0.000