14.4 What affects the F value? Refer to the previous exercise.

a. Suppose that the first observation in the second group was actually 9, not 1. Then the standard deviations are the same as reported in the table, but the sample means are 6, 7, and 8 rather than 6, 3, and 8. Do you think the F test statistic would be larger, the same, or smaller?

Explain your reasoning, without doing any calculations.

b. Suppose you had the same means as shown in the table but the sample standard deviations were 1.0, 1.8, and 1.6, instead of 2.0, 2.8, and 2.6. Do you think the F test statistic would be larger, the same, or smaller? Explain your reasoning.

c. Suppose you had the same means and standard deviations as shown in the table but the sample sizes were 30, 20, and 30, instead of 3, 2, and 3. Do you think the F test statistic would be larger, the same, or smaller?

Explain your reasoning.

d. In parts

a, b, and

c, would the P-value be larger, the same, or smaller? Why?