Refer to Exercise 10 in Section 3.2. Assume that = 30.0 0.1 Pa, h =

Refer to Exercise 10 in Section 3.2. Assume that τ = 30.0 ± 0.1 Pa, h = 10.0 ± 0.2 mm, and μ = 1.49 Pa · s with negligible uncertainty.

a. Estimate V and find the uncertainty in the estimate.

b. Which would provide a greater reduction in the uncertainty in V: reducing the uncertainty in τ to 0.01 Pa or reducing the uncertainty in h to 0.1 mm?

Refer to Exercise 10

In the article “Temperature-Dependent Optical Constants of Water Ice in the Near Infrared: New Results and Critical Review of the Available Measurements” (B. Rajaram, D. Glandorf, et al., Applied Optics, 2001:4449–4462), the imaginary index of refraction of water ice is presented for various frequencies and temperatures. At a frequency of 372.1 cm−1 and a temperature of 166 K, the index is estimated to be 0.00116. At the same frequency and at a temperature of 196 K, the index is estimated to be 0.00129. The uncertainty is reported to be 10−4 for each of these two estimated indices. The ratio of the indices is estimated to be 0.00116/0.00129 = 0.899. Find the uncertainty in this ratio.