12.43 The article “Regional Differences in Attitudes Toward Corporal Punishment” (Journal of Marriage and Family

[1994]: 314–324) presents data resulting from a random sample of 978 adults. Each individual in the sample was asked whether he or she agreed with the following statement: “Sometimes it is necessary to discipline a child with a good, hard spanking.” Respondents were also classified according to the region of the United States in which they lived. The resulting data are summarized in the accompanying table.

Is there an association between response (agree, disagree) and region of residence? Use a 5 .01.

Response Region Agree Disagree Northeast 130 59 West 146 42 Midwest 211 52 South 291 47