12.1 SOC A small sample of immigrants to Canada, none of whom speak either of the nation’s two official languages, has been interviewed about their level of adjustment. Is the pattern of adjustment affected by length of residence in Canada?

For each table compute gamma and summarize the relationship in terms of strength and direction.

(HINT: In 2 3 2 tables, only two cells can contribute to ns or nd. To compute ns, multiply the number of cases in the upper-left-hand cell by the number of cases in the lower-right-hand cell. For nd, multiply the number of cases in the upper-right-hand cell by the number of cases in the lower-left-hand cell.)

a. Facility in English or French:

Length of Residence English /

French Facility Less Than Five Years

(Low)

More Than Five Years

(High) Totals Low 20 10 30 High 5 15 20 Totals 25 25 50

b. Total family income:

Length of Residence Income Less Than Five Years

(Low)

More Than Five Years

(High) Totals Below national average 18 8 26 Above national average 7 17 24 Totals 25 25 50

c. Extent of contact with country of origin:

Length of Residence Contact Less Than Five Years

(Low)

More Than Five Years

(High) Totals Rare 5 20 25 Frequent 20 5 25 Totals 25 25 50