PA Various supervisors in the city government of Shinbone, Kansas, have been rated on the extent to which they practice authoritarian styles of leadership and decision making. The effi ciency of each department has also been rated, and the results are summarized below. Use column percentages, the maximum difference, and measures of association to describe the strength and pattern of this association.

Authoritarianism Effi ciency Low High Totals High 10 12 22 Low 17 5 22 Totals 27 17 44