Toms is a sociology student who collected data on two variables: perceived level of racism in society (x) and willingness to sign a political petition

Tomás is a sociology student who collected data on two variables: perceived level of racism in society (x) and willingness to sign a political petition (y). Below are the scores from the first 8 people in his sample:

a. Calculate the correlation for Tomás’s data.

b. What is the null hypothesis for these data?

c. What is the degrees of freedom value for these data?

d. If Tomás conducts a two-tailed test and α = .05, what should the critical values for an NHST be?

e. Should Tomás reject or retain the null hypothesis?

f. Is the p-value (a) greater than .05, (b) between .01 and .05, or (c) less than .01?

g. What is the r² value?

h. Draw the scatterplot for Tomás’s data.

i. Can Tomás correctly state that perceiving racism in society causes people to be more willing to participate in political change? Why or why not?

ID y 1 4 9. 2 4 3 8 4 7 4 6. 1 1 7 1 8 6. Note. Higher numbers on both variables indicate higher levels on each variable. 2.