For the CMOS inverter in Figure 16.21, let \(V_{D D}=3.3 \mathrm{~V}, k_{n}^{\prime}=100 \mu \mathrm{A} / \mathrm{V}^{2}\), \(k_{p}^{\prime}=40 \mu \mathrm{A} / \mathrm{V}^{2}, V_{T N}=0.4 \mathrm{~V}\), and \(V_{T P}=-0.4 \mathrm{~V}\).

(a) Let \((W / L)_{n}=2\) and \((W / L)_{p}=5\). (i) Find the transition points for the p-channel and \(n\)-channel transistors. (ii) Sketch the voltage transfer characteristics including the appropriate voltage values at the transition points. (iii) Find \(v_{I}\) for \(v_{O}=0.25 \mathrm{~V}\) and \(v_{O}=3.05 \mathrm{~V}\).

(b) Repeat part (a) for \((W / L)_{n}=4\) and \((W / L)_{p}=5\).

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USGP + VDD + iDP VGSN VSDP PMOS: Kp,VTP iDN + NMOS: VDSN KN- VTN Figure 16.21 CMOS inverter