Between 20 and 25 violent acts are portrayed per hour in children’s television programming. A study (Johnson et al. 2002) of the possible link between TV viewing and aggression followed the TV-viewing habits of children between 1 and 10 years old. Of these children, 88 watched less than one hour of TV per day, 386 watched 1–3 hours per day, and 233 watched more than three hours per day. Eight years later, researchers evaluated the kids to see if they had a police record or had assaulted and injured another person. The number of aggressive individuals from the three TVwatching groups were 5, 87, and 67, respectively.

a. Estimate the proportion of kids in each TV-watching category who subsequently became violent. Give 95% confidence intervals for these estimates.

b. Is there evidence that childhood TV viewing is associated with future violence? Carry out an appropriate statistical test.

c. Does this prove that TV watching causes increased aggression in kids? Why or why not?