(iCentralization versus decentralization) For each situation below, indicate whether the firm would tend to be more centralized (C) or more decentralized (D), or the tendency is indefinite (I).

a. The firm’s growth rate is rapid.

b. The firm is small.

c. The firm is in a growth stage of product development.

d. Top management expects that incorrect subordinate management decisions could have a disastrous impact on company profits.

e. The company was founded two years ago.

f. Top management has a high level of confidence in subordinates’ judgment and skills.

g. Top management is proud of its record of tight control.

h. Both d and f.

i. Both c and g.

j. Both a and b.