The following data on the deviation from target in the parallel orientation is taken from Table 1 of the article cited in Example 16.5. Sometimes a transformation of the data is appropriate, either because of nonnormality or because subgroup variation changes systematically with the subgroup mean. The authors of the cited article suggested a square root transformation for this data (the family of Box- Cox transformations is y = xλ, so λ = .5 here; Minitab will identify the best value of λ). Transform the data as suggested, calculate control limits for X̅, R, and S charts, and check for the presence of any out-of-control signals.

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