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Questions and Answers of Economics

In 2011, El Paso Water Utilities (EPWU) issued bonds worth $9.125 million to improve the Van Buren dam in central El Paso and to finance three other drainage projects. The bonds were purchased by the
A recently issued industrial bond with a face value of $10,000 has a coupon rate of 8% per year, payable annually. The bond matures 20 years from now. Jeremy is interested in buying one bond. If he
Due to a significant troop buildup at the local military base, a school district issued $10,000,000 in bonds to build new schools. The bond coupon rate is 6% per year, payable semiannually, with a
As the name implies, a zero-coupon bond pays no dividend, only the face value when it matures. If a zero coupon bond that has a face value of $10,000 and a maturity date of 15 years is for sale for
To provide infrastructure in the outlying areas of Morgantown, West Virginia, the city council issued 30-year bonds with a face value of $25 million. The bond coupon rate was set at 5% per year,
An investor who purchased a $10,000 mortgage bond today paid only $6000 for it. The bond coupon rate is 8% per year, payable quarterly, and the maturity date is 18 years from the year of issuance.
Five years ago, GSI an oil services company headquartered in Texas, issued $10 million worth of 12% 30-year bonds with the dividend payable quarterly. The bonds have a call date of this year if GSI
Four years ago, Chevron issued $5 million worth of debenture bonds with a coupon rate of 10% per year, payable semiannually. Market interest rates dropped, and the company called the bonds (i.e.,
According to Descartes€™ rule and Norstrom€™s criterion, the number of positive i* values for the following cash flow sequence is:(a) 1(b) 2(c) 3(d)4
For the net cash flows and cumulative cash flows shown, the value of x is:(a) $7000(b) $16,000(c) $36,000(d)$50,000
A corporate $10,000 bond has a coupon rate of 8% per year, payable semiannually. The bond matures 20 years from now. At an interest rate of 6% per year, compounded semiannually, the amount and
A $20,000 mortgage bond that is due in 1 year pays interest of $500 every 3 months. The bond’s coupon rate is:(a) 2.5% per year, payable quarterly(b) 5% per year, payable quarterly(c) 5% per year,
Multiple Choice Questions1. All of the following mean the same as rate of return except:(a) Internal rate of return(b) Time for return of capital(c) Interest rate(d) Return on investment2. The
Multiple Choice Questions1. A company that uses a minimum attractive rate of return of 10% per year is evaluating new processes to improve operational efficiency. The estimates associated with
Three engineers who worked for Mitchell Engineering, a company specializing in public housing development, went to lunch together several times a week. Over time they decided to work on solar energy
The rates of return on alternatives X and Y are 15% and 12%, respectively. Alternative Y requires a larger investment than alternative X.(a) What is known about the rate of return on the increment of
A food processing company is considering two types of moisture analyzers. Only one can be selected. The company expects an infrared model to yield a rate of return of 27% per year. A more expensive
If $80,000 is invested at 30% and another $50,000 is invested at 20% per year, what is the overall rate of return on the entire $130,000?
A total of $100,000 was invested in two different projects identified as Z1 and Z2. If the overall rate of return on the $100,000 was 30% and the rate of return on the $30,000 invested in Z1 was 15%,
Tuggle, Inc., which manufactures rigid shaft couplings, has $600,000 to invest. The company is considering three different projects that will yield the following rates of return.Project X iX =
Two options are available for setting up a wireless meter scanner and controller. A simple setup is good for 2 years and has an initial cost of $12,000, no salvage value, and an operating cost of
Prepare a tabulation of incremental cash fl ows for the two machine alternativesbelow.
For the alternatives shown, determine the sum of the incremental cash flows for Q €“P
The tabulation of the incremental cash flows between alternatives A and B is shown on the next page. Alternative A has a 3-year life and alternative B a 6-year life. If neither alternative has a
Standby power for pumps at water distribution booster stations can be provided by either gasoline-or diesel-powered engines. The costs for the gasoline engines are as follows:
Several high-value parts for NASA's reusable space exploration vehicle can be either anodized or powder-coated. Some of the costs for each process are shown below:The incremental AW cash flow
Specialty Gases & Chemicals manufactures nitrogen trifluoride, a highly specialized gas used as an industrial cleansing agent for flat panels installed in laptop computers, televisions, and
As groundwater wells age, they sometimes begin to pump sand (and they become known as "sanders"), and this can cause damage to downstream desalting equipment. This situation can be dealt with by
Konica Minolta plans to sell a copier that prints documents on both sides simultaneously, cutting in half the time it takes to complete big commercial jobs. The costs associated with producing
The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) is considering two designs for crash barriers along a reconstructed portion of 1-10. Design 2B will cost $3 million to install and $135,000 per year to
Chem-Tex Chemical is considering two additives for improving the dry-weather stability of its low-cost acrylic paint. Additive A has a first cost of $110,000 and an annual operating cost of $60,000.
The manager of Liquid Sleeve, Inc., a company that makes a sealing solution for machine shaft surfaces that have been compromised by abrasion, high pressures, or inadequate lubrication, is
A chemical company is considering two processes for isolating DNA material. The incremental cash flows between the two alternatives, J and S, have an incremental rate of return that is less than 40%,
The incremental cash flows for two alternative electrode setups are shown. The MARR is 12% per year, and alternative Dryloc requires a larger initial investment compared to NPT.(a) Determine which
Hewett Electronics manufactures amplified pressure transducers. It must decide between two machines for a finishing operation. Select one for them on the basis of AW-based rate of return analysis.
A manufacturer of hydraulic equipment is trying to determine whether it should use monoflange double block and bleed (DBB) valves or a multi-valve system (MVS) for chemical injection. The costs are
Poly-Chem Plastics is considering two types of injection molding machines-hydraulic and electric. The hydraulic press (HP) will have a first cost of $600,000, annual costs of $200,000, and a salvage
Last week Eduardo calculated the overall project ROR values for two alternatives A and B using the estimates below. He calculated iA* = 34.2% and iB* = 31.2% and recommended acceptance of A since its
A WiMAX wireless network integrated with a satellite network can provide connectivity to any location within 10 km of the base station. The number of sectors per base station can be varied to
Xerox's iGenX high-speed commercial printers cost $1.5 billion to develop. The machines cost $500,000 to $750,000 depending on what options the client selects. Spectrum Imaging Systems is considering
Ashley Foods, Inc. has determined that any one of five machines can be used in one phase of its chili canning operation. The costs of the machines are estimated below, and all machines are estimated
Five revenue projects are under consideration by General Dynamics for improving material flow through an assembly line. The initial cost in $1000 and the life of each project are as follows (revenue
The five alternatives shown here are being evaluated by the rate of return method.(a) If the alternatives are mutually exclusive and the MARR is 26% per year, which alternative should be selected?(b)
Five mutually exclusive revenue alternatives that have infinite live s are under consideration for increasing productivity in a manufacturing operation. The initial costs and cash flows of each
The plant manager at Automaton Robotics is looking at the summarized incremental rate of return information shown below for five mutually exclusive alternatives, one of which must be chosen. The
The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation is considering five national park projects shown below, all of which can be considered to last indefinitely. At a MARR of 7.5% per year, determine which should be
For these alternatives, the sum of the incremental cash flows is:(a) $2500(b) $3500(c) $6000(d)$8000
Multiple Choice Questions 1. When conducting a rate of return (ROR) analysis involving multiple mutually exclusive alternatives, the first step is to:(a) Rank the alternatives according to decreasing
Multiple Choice Questions1. Helical Systems, Inc. uses a minimum attractive rate of return of 8% per year, compounded annually. The company is evaluating two new processes for improving the
"I don't know whether to sell it, expand it, lease it, or what. But I don't think we can keep doing the same thing for many more years. What I really want to do is to keep it for 5 more years, then
What is the difference between disbenefits and costs?
Identify the following as primarily public or private sector undertakings: eBay, farmer's market, state police department, car racing facility, social security, EMS, ATM, travel agency, amusement
State whether the following characteristics are primarily associated with public or private sector projects: large initial investment, park user fees, short-life projects, profit, disbenefits,
Identify the following cash flows as a benefit, disbenefit, or cost.(a) Loss of income to local businesses because of a new freeway(b) Less travel time because of a loop bypass(c) $400,000 annual
What is a fundamental difference between DBOM and DBOMF contracts?
Buster County has proposed a strict water conservation policy for all industrial plants within the county limits. Enforcement is proposed to be a public-private partnership between the sheriff's
The cost of grading and spreading gravel on a short rural road is expected to be $300,000. The road will have to be maintained at a cost of $25,000 per year. Even though the new road is not very
Arsenic enters drinking water supplies from natural deposits in the earth or from agricultural and industrial practices. Since it has been linked to cancer of the bladder, kidney, and other internal
From the following estimates, determine the B/C ratio for a project that has a 20-year life. Use an interest rate of 8% peryear.
A project to extend irrigation canals into an area that was recently cleared of mesquite trees (a nuisance tree in Texas) and large weeds is projected to have a capital cost of $2,000,000. Annual
Calculate the B/C ratio for the following cash flow estimates at a discount rate of 7% per year. Item Cash FlowFW of benefits ........... $ 30,800,000AW of disbenefits, $ per year .....
The benefits associated with a nuclear power plant cooling water filtration project located on the Ohio River are $10,000 per year forever, starting in year 1. The costs are $50,000 in year 0 and
A privately funded wind-based electric power generation company in the southern part of the country has developed the following estimates (in $1000) for a new turbine farm. The MARR is 10% per year,
For the values shown, calculate the conventional B/C ratio at i = 10% peryear.
A proposal to reduce traffic congestion on I-5 has a B/C ratio of 1.4. The annual worth of benefits minus disbenefits is $560,000. What is the first cost of the project if the interest rate is 6% per
Oil spills in the Gulf of Mexico have been known to cause extensive damage to both public and private oyster grounds along the Louisiana and Mississippi shores. One way to protect shellfish along the
On-site granular ferric hydroxide (GFH) systems can be used to remove arsenic from water when daily flow rates are relatively low. If the operating cost is $600,000 per year and the public health
The Parks and Recreation Department of Burkett County has estimated that the initial cost of a "bare-bones" permanent river park will be $2.3 million. Annual upkeep costs are estimated at $120,000.
From the following data, calculate the(a) Conventional(b) Modified benefit/cost ratios using an interest rate of 6% per year and an infinite projectperiod.
In 2010, Brazil began construction of the Belo Monte hydroelectric dam on the Xingu River (which feeds the Amazon River). The project is funded by a consortium of investors and is expected to cost
In the United States, the average number of airplanes in the sky on an average morning is 4000. There are another 16,000 planes on the ground. Aerospace company Rockwell Collins developed what it
Although the lower Rio Grande is regulated by the Elephant Butte Dam and the Caballo Reservoir, serious flooding has occurred in El Paso and other cities located along the river. This has required
For the data shown, calculate the conventional B/C ratio at i = 6% per year.Benefits: ..................................$20,000 in year 0 and $30,000 in year 5Disbenefits:
Gerald Corporation entered a public-private partnership using a DBOM contract with the state of Massachusetts 10 years ago for railroad system upgrades. Determine the profitability index for the
A project had a staged investment distributed over the 6-year contract period. For the cash flows shown (next page) and an interest rate of 10% per year, determine the profitability index and
Logan Well Services Group is considering two sites for storage and recovery of reclaimed water. The mountain site (MS) will use injection wells that cost $4.2 million to develop and $280,000 per year
The estimates shown are for a bridge under consideration for a river crossing in Wheeling, West Virginia. Use the B/C ratio method at an interest rate of 6% per year to determine which bridge, if
Select the better of two proposals to improve street safety and lighting in a colonia in south central New Mexico. Use a B/C analysis and an interest rate of 8% peryear.
Conventional and solar alternatives are available for providing energy at a remote radar site. Use the B/C ratio to determine which method should be selected at an interest rate of 8% per year and a
The two alternatives shown are under consideration for improving security at a county jail in Travis County, New York. Determine which one should be selected, based on a B/C analysis, an interest
The U.S. government recently released an RFP to construct a second-story fl oor on an existing building at the Pentagon Complex. Separate contractors proposed two methods. Method 1 will use
A project to control flooding from rare, but sometimes heavy rainfalls in the arid southwest will have the cash flows shown below. Determine which project should be selected on the basis of a B/C
Two routes are under consideration for a new interstate highway. The long intervalley route would be 25 kilometers in length and would have an initial cost of $25 million. The short transmountain
The Idaho Department of Fish and Wildlife (IDFW) is considering two locations for a new state park. Location E would require an investment of $3 million and $50,000 per year to maintain. Location W
Three engineers made the estimates shown below for two optional methods by which new construction technology would be implemented at a site for public housing. Either one of the two options or the
A group of engineers responsible for developing advanced missile detection and tracking technologies, such as shortwave infrared, thermal infrared detection, target tracking radar, etc., recently
Comparison of five mutually exclusive alternatives is shown. One must be accepted. According to the B/C ratio, which alternative should be selected (costs increase from A to E).∆B/CComparison
A consulting engineer is currently evaluating four different projects for the Department of Housing and Urban Development. The future worth of costs, benefits, disbenefits, and cost savings is shown.
From the data shown below for six mutually exclusive projects, determine which project, if any, should beselected.
Four mutually exclusive revenue alternatives are being compared using the B/C method. Which alternative, if any, should beselected?
The city of St. Louis, Missouri, is considering various proposals regarding the disposal of used tires. All of the proposals involve shredding, but the charges for the service and the handling of the
In an effort to improve productivity in a large semiconductor manufacturing plant, the plant manager decided to undertake on a trial basis a series of actions directed toward improving employee
There are a number of techniques to help people stop smoking, but their cost and effectiveness vary widely. One accepted measure of effectiveness of a program is the percentage of enrollees quitting.
The cost in $ per year and effectiveness measure in items salvaged per year for four mutually exclusive service sector alternatives have been collected.(a) Calculate the cost effectiveness ratio for
An engineering student has only 30 minutes before the final exam in statics and dynamics. He wants to get help solving a type of problem that he knows will be on the test from the professor's review
Explain the difference between public policy making and public planning.
Since transportation via automobile was introduced, drivers throughout the country of Yalturia in Eastern Europe have driven on the left side of the road. Recently the Yalturian National Congress
Multiple Choice Questions1. All of the following are examples of public sector projects, except:(a) Bridges (b) Emergency relief(c) Prisons (d) Oil wells2. All of the following are usually associated
Multiple Choice Questions1. In evaluating three mutually exclusive alternatives by the B/C method, the alternatives are ranked A, B, and C, respectively, in terms of increasing cost and the following
This case study compares benefit/cost analysis and cost effectiveness analysis on the same information about highway lighting and its role in accident reduction. Poor highway lighting may be one

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