Questions and Answers of Principles Of Embedded Networked Systems Design

1.1 At sea level, a person has a mass of 175 lbm. Determine the weight of this person in newtons (N).
1.2 At sea level on the earth, an astronaut weighs 175 lbf. Determine the astronaut’s weight in pounds·force (lbf):a. On the surface of the moon where g = 1.6 m/s2b. On the surface of Mars where g
1.3 An automobile travels a distance of 1800 m in 1 minute. Determine the speed of the automobile ina. miles/h (mph)b. km/h (kph)
1.4 A pump is being used in a system that is circulating liquid hexane at 80°F.The volumetric flow rate of the hexane through the pump is 125 gallons/min(gpm). Determine the flow rate of the hexane
1.5 A 20% propylene glycol solution is circulating through a system at a temperature of 0°F. Determine the dynamic viscosity of the propylene glycol solution ina. lbm/ft·sb. lbf·h/ft2c. centipoise
1.6 A 20% propylene glycol solution is circulating through a system at a temperature of 0°F. Determine the kinematic viscosity of the propylene glycol solution ina. ft2/hb. m2/sc. centistokes (cSt)
1.7 The shearing stress for a sample of soy milk at 20°C is characterized by the following experimental data:Derive an equation that relates the shearing stress and the velocity gradient(strain
1.8 The shearing stress for a pasteurized carrot juice in the temperature range 35°C–85°C is characterized by the following experimental data:Derive an equation that relates the shearing stress
2.1 Design a spreadsheet program that will allow you to compute the interest factors shown in Table 2.2. Use this spreadsheet to calculate the interest factors for a nominal interest rate of 7%
2.2 Design an interest factor calculator using EES that will allow you to compute the interest factors shown in Table 2.2. Use the EES Diagram Window to input the annual nominal interest rate,
2.3 A credit card advertises a nominal interest rate of 12.5% on any outstanding balance. If the interest is compounded monthly, determine the effective interest rate for this credit card.
2.4 Proud parents wish to establish a college savings fund for their newly born child. Monthly deposits will be made into an investment account that provides an annual rate of return of 4% compounded
2.5 A small-scale silver mine in north Idaho is for sale. A mining engineer estimates that at current production levels, the mine will yield an annual net income of $80,000 for 15 years, after which
2.6 A company has a short-term storage need. A proposal is brought forth to build a temporary warehouse at a cost of $16,000. The annual maintenance and operating cost of the facility is estimated to
2.7 For the cash flow diagram shown in Figure P2.7, determine the following:a. The equivalent present value at year 0b. The equivalent future value at year 10c. The equivalent uniform annual value
2.8 The engineering supervisor in a company is recommending the purchase of a new machine for a production line. The machine has an initial cost of $285,000 and is expected to be functional for 20
2.9 A company has invested in a new machine for its production line. The initial cost of the machine is $9000 and it is expected to last for 5 years with no salvage value at that time. Annual
2.10 In a chemical processing plant, liquid cyclohexane (ρ = 48.5 lbm/ft3) flows through a piping system (pump, piping, valves, etc.) at a rate of 1200 gpm as it is being transported from one
2.11 A company is considering investing in a new machine for its production line. Management has specified that $150,000 is available to invest in the machine. This money will be invested in a fund
P2.12. The heat recovery components are the two heat exchangers; the pump, the flow control valve, and the accompanying piping and fittings.The initial cost of the proposed heat recovery system is
2.13 A company has a need for compressed air in one of its factory operations. A compressor has been selected for this task. The company is now considering three options to drive the compressor.
2.14 A heat treating process (Process 1) can be added to a processing line for $30,000.The annual operating costs are $12,000 and its life is expected to be 8 years with a $10,000 salvage value at
2.15 A company is considering the purchase of a computer system for $18,000. The operating costs will be $10,000 per year and the useful life is expected to be 5 years with a salvage value of $5000
3.1 The open water tank shown in Figure P3.1 is filled through pipe 1 with a velocity of 7 ft/s and through pipe 3 at a volumetric flow rate of 0.2 ft3/s. The density of the water can be taken as
3.2 If the valve in pipe 1 of Problem 3.1 is suddenly opened to allow a velocity of 12 ft/s, find the instantaneous rate of change of the depth in the tank with time, dH/dt.
3.3 Water enters the covered tank shown in Figure P3.3 with a volumetric flow rate of 5 gpm. The water line has an inside diameter of 0.2423 ft. The air vent on the tank has an inside diameter of
3.4 Refrigerant 134a enters a pipe with an inside diameter of 3.88 cm at 40 kPa, a quality of 0.15, and a velocity of 0.5 m/s. The refrigerant gains heat as it flows through the pipe and exits as a
3.5 The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) specify that the minimum fresh air ventilation requirement for a residential building is 0.35 air changes
3.6 The hot water needs of a residence are met by a 20-gal hot water heater rated at 6000 Btu/h. The tank is initially filled with hot water at 175°F. As the hot water supply is drawn from the tank,
3.7 Ammonia enters a valve as a saturated liquid at 12 bar with a mass flow rate of 6 kg/min and is steadily throttled to a pressure of 1 bar. Determine the rate of entropy production for this
3.8 Steam leaves the boiler of a power plant at 7 MPa, 500°C as shown in Figure P3.8. As the steam passes to the turbine, there is a small pressure drop due to friction in the pipe and the
3.9 A two-stage compressor is being used to transport methane as shown in Figure P3.9. The methane enters the first compressor stage at 1 bar, 25°C, a flow rate of 0.4 kg/s, and is compressed to 5
3.10 Consider the two-stage methane compressor with intercooling described in Problem 3.9 with the dead state of 1 bar, 25°C. For this thermal system determine the following:a. Exergy destruction
3.11 Air enters an adiabatic nozzle at 230 kPa, 600°C with a velocity of 60 m/s as shown in Figure P3.11. At the nozzle exit, the air is at 70 kPa, 450°C. The dead state can be considered to be 100
3.12 A household refrigerator sold in the United States has a refrigeration capacity of 0.14 tons. The Energy Star label on the refrigerator indicates that it has an EER of 10.8. Determinea. Power
3.13 A steam power plant’s instantaneous operating conditions are summarized in Table P3.13.For this operating condition determinea. Boiler heat transfer rate (MBtu/h).b. Thermal efficiency of the
3.14 Show that the COPC and the COPH of a refrigeration cycle are related by the following expression:COPH = COPC + 1 Start with a sketch of the refrigeration cycle as shown in Figure 3.10 to develop
3.15 A refrigeration cycle is operating as a heat pump. The source temperature is at the dead state, T0, and the sink is at TH. Show that the exergetic efficiency of this heat pump cycle can be
3.16 In Example 3.15, it was demonstrated that refrigeration cycles utilizing a heat input to accomplish refrigeration tend to have a low COPC, but a higher exergetic efficiency compared to vapor
3.17 Consider the cycle described in Problem 3.16. The heat transfers in the cycle are occurring at boundary temperatures defined as follows:( )( )( )− = =− = =− = =T T T T T T T T T 5 K boiler
4.1 Consider an 8-nom commercial steel pipe carrying propylene at 40°F. The volumetric flow rate of the propylene is 800 gpm. Complete Table P4.1 showing the variation of the propylene parameters
4.2 Liquid Refrigerant 123 (R-123) at 50°C is passing through a ½-std copper tube at a flow rate of 1200 kg/h. Complete Table P4.2 showing the variation of the R-123 parameters inside the tube as a
4.3 A 10-nom sch 40 horizontal commercial steel pipe is being used to transport octane. The pipe is 200 ft long. The octane is at 50°F and is flowing at 600 gpm. Determine the pressure drop (psi) of
4.4 Cyclohexane is flowing through a 4-std type L copper tube. The tube is 200 m long and the outlet is 10 m higher than the inlet. The pressure drop through the tube is 90 kPa. The cyclohexane is at
4.5 Water is flowing through a 2½-nom xs cast iron pipe at a rate of 5 L/s. The pipe is 75 m long and its outlet is 6 m higher than the inlet. The water is at a temperature of 25°C. Determine the
4.6 A 10% ethylene glycol solution is flowing through a 4-nom sch 80 commercial steel pipe. The pipe is 350 ft long and is horizontal. The pressure drop through the pipe is 3 psi. The ethylene glycol
4.7 A fuel line made of type M copper tube is 20 ft long. Diesel fuel (modeled as dodecane) at 80°F is being transported through the line and the line is horizontal.The required flow rate of the
4.9 The Alaskan pipeline runs 798 miles from Prudhoe Bay to Valdez. Both cities are at sea level. The design specifications for the pipeline require a capacity of 2.4 million barrels per day (1
4.10 Fluid flow can cause excessive wear on the inside surface of a pipe, resulting in a much rougher surface over time. This increased surface roughness results in a larger pressure drop, which
4.11 A gravity-feed piping system between two large tanks is used to transport a 20% magnesium chloride solution as shown in Figure P4.11. The magnesium chloride is at 80°F and the tanks are open to
4.12 A tilting disc check valve is to be installed in a 4-nom sch 40 steel pipeline.For the valve being considered, the angle α = 15°. The fluid being transported through the pipeline is a 20%
4.13 A stop-check angle valve is to be installed in a 3-nom sch 40 steel pipeline.For the valve being considered, β = 1. The fluid being transported through the pipeline is water at 60°F. The
4.14 A 1¼-nom class 400 wye fitting with equal leg diameters has 40 gpm of acetone flowing into the fitting. Seventy percent of the flow leaves the fitting through the straight run and the remaining
4.15 Figure P4.15 shows a pump and pipe network being used to transport heptane at 90°F to a large, elevated storage tank that is closed, but vented to ensure that the pressure above the heptane is
4.16 A 40% propylene glycol solution at 25°C is being delivered from a large storage tank with the gravity-feed pipe network shown in Figure P4.16. A concentric reducer is used to reduce the pipe
4.17 A large elevated tank (Tank 1) is being used to supply water at 60°F to two tanks at a lower elevation (Tanks 2 and 3) as shown in Figure P4.17. All pipes are 5-nom sch 40 commercial steel and
4.18 A pump is being used to deliver water at 65°F to two elevated tanks as shown in Figure P4.18. The pump is delivering a volumetric flow rate of 450 gpm. All pipes are 2½-nom sch 40 commercial
4.19 A commercial steel pipe is being designed to transport liquid benzene at 185°F, 120 psia to a heat exchanger at a flow rate of 850 gpm. The fittings, valves, supports, and pump are estimated to
4.20 A commercial steel schedule 40 pipe (class 300) is being used to transport liquid cyclohexane at 70°F, 80 psia at a volumetric flow rate of 1000 gpm.The fittings, valves, supports, and pump are
4.21 A centrifugal pump is being used to deliver 200 gpm of water at 60°F. The pump head is determined to be 25 ft and its efficiency is 60%. Determine the brake horsepower input to the pump.
4.22 A centrifugal pump delivers 60 L/s of toluene at 30°C. The pump head is found to be 15 m and its efficiency is 48%. Determine the shaft power input to the pump (kW).
4.23 A centrifugal pump is being used to transport 440 gpm of benzene at 80°F. The suction pipe inlet to the pump is 6-nom sch 40 and the pump discharge pipe is 5-nom sch 40. Pressure gauges on the
4.24 A centrifugal pump is being used to transport 20 L/s of a 20% ethylene glycol solution at 20°C. The suction pipe inlet to the pump is 2½-nom sch 40 and the pump discharge pipe is 2-nom sch 40.
4.25 A closed-loop pipe system similar to Figure 4.17 is being designed. At 300 gpm, the system curve indicates that the pump head is 120 ft. A 3 × 3 × 7B Bell &Gossett Series 80-SC pump operating
4.27 Water from a river is to be pumped to an irrigation ditch as shown in Figure P4.27. The water temperature is 55°F. The elevation difference between the river and the surface of the water in the
4.28 Two Bell & Gossett Series 80-SC 3 × 3 × 7B pumps with 5½-in. impellers are connected together in parallel. Both pumps are operating at 3525 rpm. This parallel pump combination is connected to
4.29 Two Bell & Gossett Series 80-SC 2 × 2 × 7 pumps operating at 1750 rpm are connected in parallel. A third pump, a Bell & Gossett Series 80-SC 2 × 2 × 7 pump operating at 3500 rpm is connected
4.30 Water at 70°F is being drawn from a large tank at a rate of 265 gpm as shown in Figure P4.30. The suction pipe is 3-nom sch 40 commercial steel. The total length of the suction line is 50 ft.
4.31 An inline pump is being used to transport water from a large tank. The water is at a temperature of 20°C and is being delivered at a rate of 45 L/s. The suction line is 6-nom sch 40 commercial
4.32 A centrifugal pump is tested in the laboratory. The pump has a 6-in. impeller and is operating at 3500 rpm. With water as the fluid, test results indicate that the pump delivers 280 gpm at 110
4.33 A centrifugal pump is being tested with water at 60°F. The pump is operating at 1150 rpm and has a 7-in. impeller. Performance test results indicate that the pump delivers 80 gpm at a head of
4.34 Laboratory experiments indicate that a centrifugal pump operating with a 7-in. impeller at 1150 rpm delivers 60 gpm of water at 60°F with a head of 27 ft. At this condition, the pump draws 1.8
4.35 A Bell & Gossett Series 80SC 4 × 4 × 9½ model pump is delivering 400 gpm while operating at 1750 rpm with an impeller diameter of 8½ in. The pump’s impeller is now changed to an 8-in.
5.1 The plates in a PFHX are made of Inconel 600 (k = 16 W/m K) and are 1.5 mm thick. The convective heat transfer coefficients on hot and cold sides of the plate are 750 and 580 W/m2 K,
5.2 The plates in a PFHX are made of Monel 200 (k = 38.1 Btu/h·ft·°F) and are 0.04 in. thick. The convective heat transfer coefficients on hot and cold sides of the plate are 130 and 105
5.3 A 2½-nom sch 40S stainless steel pipe (k = 16.5 W/m K) is being used in a heat exchanger application. The pipe is 4 m long. The convective heat transfer coefficients on the inside and outside of
5.4 The convective heat transfer coefficients on the inside and outside of a½-std type L copper tube are 520 and 180 Btu/h·ft2·°F, respectively. The tube is 6 ft long. Ethylene glycol is on the
average temperature of the copper tube is 100°F.5.5 Solve Problem 5.4 again assuming that the thermal resistance of the copper tube is negligible. Compare the two answers and comment on the validity
5.6 Because of extreme pressures for a particular application, a 10-ft long pipe within a heat exchanger is made of 2-nom sch 160 pipe (kpipe = 70 Btu/h·ft·°F).The convective heat transfer
5.7 A copper coil heat exchanger is inserted in a 4-in. (ID) stovepipe to capture some of the energy normally rejected to the atmosphere from a wood-burning stove for preheating domestic hot water.
5.8 A specialized tube designed to enhance heat transfer between a condensing refrigerant and water is shown in Figure P5.8. The inner tube is 3 8-std type L copper and the outer tube is 2-std type L
5.9 A heat exchanger is being used to cool 48,000 lbm/h of oil from 150°F to 102°F by using 32,000 lbm/h of water at an inlet temperature of 70°F. The overall heat transfer coefficient is
5.10 A counterflow DPHX is being used to cool hot oil from 320°F to 285°F using cold water. The water, which flows through the inner tube, enters the heat exchanger at 70°F and leaves at 175°F.
5.11 A flow of cold water enters a parallel-flow heat exchanger at 20°C and leaves at 100°C. The cold water is being heated by a hot water flow that enters the heat exchanger at 160°C and leaves
5.12 A counterflow heat exchanger is being used to cool a flow of hot water using a cold 20% ethylene glycol solution. The hot water enters at 80°F with a volumetric flow rate of 400 gpm. The
5.13 Solve Problem 5.12 for a parallel-flow heat exchanger.
5.14 Solve Problem 5.12 for a STHX with 1-shell pass and 2-tube passes.
5.15 Solve Problem 5.12 for a CFHX where both fluids are unmixed.
5.16 A parallel-flow heat exchanger is utilizing a cold 20% magnesium chloride solution to cool a flow of hexane. The hexane enters the heat exchanger at 30°C and the magnesium chloride solution
5.17 Solve Problem 5.16 for a counterflow heat exchanger.
5.18 Solve Problem 5.16 for a STHX with 1-shell pass and 2-tube passes.
5.19 Solve Problem 5.16 for a CFHX with both fluids unmixed.
5.20 Liquid heptane enters a counterflow heat exchanger at 45°F. The heptane is heated using a flow of hot water entering the heat exchanger at 150°F. The volumetric flow rates of the heptane and
5.21 Solve Problem 5.20 for a parallel-flow heat exchanger.
5.22 Solve Problem 5.20 for a STHX with 1-shell pass and 2-tube passes.
5.23 Solve Problem 5.20 for a CFHX where the heptane flow is mixed and the water flow is unmixed.
5.24 A counterflow heat exchanger is being used to heat a flow of liquid toluene.The toluene enters the heat exchanger at 5°C with a volumetric flow rate of 18 L/s. Hot water is being used to heat
5.25 Solve Problem 5.24 for a parallel-flow heat exchanger.
5.26 Solve Problem 5.24 for a STHX with 2-shell passes and 4-tube passes.
5.27 Solve Problem 5.24 for a CFHX where the water flow is mixed and the toluene flow is unmixed.

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