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project management
Questions and Answers of
Project Management
1 Individual characteristics: do they share similarities?
explain these strategies to manage diversity in international projects.
explain conflict and its influencing factors in international projects understand different strategies of conflict resolution
discuss the ground rules for effective co-operation in international projects
analyse how diversity impacts on the creation of trust apply different measures to create trust
conceive the impact of national culture on co-operation in international projects
2 Do you see any communication and negotiation patterns related to the national cultures of both negotiation parties? You can draw on additional literature to supplement any missing information in
1 What negotiation tactics were used by both parties (see section 9.5)?
3 What do you consider important regarding the planning of effective communication in international projects?
2 Why and how do communication styles differ from each other?
1 How does language diversity affect international projects?
Be aware: speaking on the phone in a foreign language is a difficult communication situation.
Confirm decisions by e-mail.
Identify the participants by their names and roles.Speak slowly and clearly.
Have a chairperson or facilitator.
Switch off the mobile phone during meetings.
Summarize decisions and actions in a simple way.
Have a clear purpose and agenda.Be focused, be prepared, be punctual.
4 Senders must take responsibility for prioritizing communications as urgent, important, routine or informational only.
3 Team members should strive to meet regularly in cyberspace, on a synchronous basis, to maintain rapport and continuity.
2 Team members have to explicitly state the context of their communication in relation to intent, relevance, situation, and purpose.
1 Team members must identify when they are available for receiving and responding to communication. These rules must be respected by team members.
Does the medium offer language variety?
Does the medium allow for personalization?
Does the medium require the co-presence of sender and receiver?
Does the medium support ambiguity?
Does the medium convey multiple cues?
How do the parties attempt to influence each other? Do they rely on rational arguments and facts, like many people from the Anglophone world, or accepted tradition, like East Asians, or on emotion,
How fast should the negotiations proceed?
What is my negotiation partner’s attitude towards time?
What was the problem? Base your answer on the communication style as well as its underlying cultural dimensions explained in Figure 9.4.
apply guidelines for minimizing communication hiccups in international projects.
draft a communication governance system
analyse characteristics of communicating in purely virtual teams
conceive relevant communication modes in international projects elucidate relevant communication technology
understand cultural impact on the negotiation process
explain how language diversity impacts on communication switch between communication styles
analyse how national culture is related to communication styles
understand the basics of the communication process
3 How do the tasks of the PACT facilitator differ from the tasks of an international project manager?
2 What are the prerequisites to developing as an effective facilitator?
1 In your opinion, why is a process like PACT especially important in the context of international projects?
WHAT DOES PACT CONSIST OF?
how could those competences be developed?
3 In your opinion, what kind of competence is most important for an international project manager in order to successfully deliver an international project? And
2 What do you consider as the main challenges in leading an international project?
1 Where do you see the link between national culture, organizational culture, leadership, and motivation?
Why did the team leader fail? Base your answer on the competencies and tasks of an international project manager as outlined in this chapter.
What can you learn from this incident in terms of leadership and motivation in international projects?
elucidate the different steps in managing international project teams at the project start.
understand the main tasks of an international project manager
analyse the crucial characteristics, attitudes, and behaviours of an international project manager
describe important areas in the knowledge and skills of an international project manager
conceive leadership theory dimensions deal with challenges in leading virtual teams
analyse how a national culture impacts on leadership, decisionmaking, feedback, and motivation in international projects
3 Where do you see the links between project planning and project implementation?
2 Identify the issues emerging during the implementation phase and put them in an issue log as exemplified in Figure 7.9.
1 Apply the monitoring matrix illustrated in Figure 7.4. What areas would you have prioritized if you had been the project manager?
3 Why is it so challenging to monitor and control international projects?
2 Which cultural differences do you have to cope with in the implementation phase?
1 Where do you see the link between the planning phase and the implementation phase?
Are the costs covered by the budget?
How urgent is the decision?
What is the status regarding the solution of that problem?
4 What is the cost incurred by the problem?
3 What is the problem?
2 What would you have done to avoid this delay of two months?
1 Identify the reasons for the problem the project manager has.
understand and use claim management.
manage operational change in international projects
use the Balanced Score Card for controlling international projects
apply easy-to-use tools to control international projects discuss Earned Value Analysis
explain different methods of monitoring data collection and types of reports
understand the impact of culture on monitoring and controlling
conceive the link between the control cycle and the PDCA cycle
elucidate the main activities in the implementation phase
3 In your opinion, which are the critical factors contributing to the successful organization of this international project?
2 Create a responsibility matrix for the roles mentioned in the case.
1 Create an organizational chart for the project SA 2.0.
3 In your opinion, what are the critical success criteria for organizing an international project?
2 What is important for the efficient internal and external co-ordination of an international project?
1 What methods to structure a project do exist and which potential issues are to be expected with an international implementation of these structures?
2 Why would using a functional structure not make sense?
1 How would you classify the kind of matrix that EADS Astrium uses for organizing its projects?
understand best practices for organizing international projects.
explain the Organization Breakdown Structure create a responsibility matrix
comprehend communication structures in international projects
elucidate external project co-ordination in international projects
discuss internal co-ordination mechanisms in international projects
conceive the cultural particularities of organizational structures and responsibility charts
compare different organizational structures: functional, ‘projectized’, matrix, and virtual
grasp the relevance of organizational structures for project management
2 What are the particularities in this case in terms of planning time, cost, and quality, due to the fact that this is an international project?
1 Create two Gantt charts: one for the original planning, and one for the actual project.(Note: Not all scheduling details are in the text – just refer to the available data.)
3 What are the specifics in planning the time, costs, and quality of an international project?
2 What does the planning cycle for international projects look like?
1 In your opinion, how much planning is needed in international projects?
What are the lessons learnt from the case above when it comes to international project planning?
What could the project manager have done to avoid the delay?
create a cumulative budget spreadsheet elucidate the particularities of planning for quality in international projects.
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