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business
statistics for business and economics

Questions and Answers of Statistics For Business And Economics

Specify the appropriate rejection region for testing H.u2- 2. ,. , - a2 in each of the following situations:.~ka. H;a: > u$;a = .05,nl = 25,n2 = 20
Independent random samples were selected from each of two normally distributed populations, n1 = 12 from population 1 and n, = 27 from population 2.The means and variances for the two samples are
Independent random samples were selected from each of two normally distributed populations, n, = 6 from population 1 and n, = 5 from population 2. The data are shown in the table below, and an SPSS
In addition to evaluating the performance of individual companies, securities analysts also evaluate and compare industry sectors. One of the variables used in this analysis is the percentage growth
Tests of product quality using human inspectors can lead to serious inspection error problems (Journal of Quality Technology, Apr. 1986). To evaluate the performance of inspectors in a new company, a
Refer to the International Journal of Environmental Health Research (Vol. 4, 1994) study, Exercise 7.15(p. 360) in which the mean solid-waste generation rates for middle-income and industrialized
Following the Persian Gulf War, the Pentagon changed its logistics processes to be more corporate-like. The extravagant "just-in-case" mentality was replaced with "just-in-time7' systems. Emulating
The American Educational Research Journal (Fall, 1998)published a study to compare the mathematics achievement test scores of male and female students.a. The researchers hypothesized that the
Specify the test statistic and the rejection region for the Wilcoxon rank sum test for independent samples in each of the following situations:a. n, = 10, n, = 6, a = .10 H,: Two probability
Explain the difference between the one-tailed and two-tailed versions of the Wilcoxon rank sum test for independent random samples.
Independent random samples are selected from two populations. The data are shown in the table.a. Use the Wilcoxon rank sum test to determine whether the data provide sufficient evidence to indicate a
University of Queensland researchers J. Hann and R. Weber sampled private sector and public sector organizations in Australia to study the planning undertaken by their information systems departments
In Exercise 7.15(p. 360) the solid waste generation rates for cities in industrialized countries and cities in middle-income countries were investigated. In this exercise, the focus is on
Purchasing organizations such as the National Association of Purchasing Management advocate ethical purchasing practices for purchasing managers including the avoidance of situations that might
The data in the second table on p. 391, extracted from Technometrics (Feb. 1986), represent daily accumulated stream flow and precipitation (in inches) for two US. Geological Survey stations in
Recall that the variance of a binomial sample proportion, F, depends on the value of the population parameter,~. As a consequence, the variance of a sample percentage, (loop)%, also depends on p.
Specify the test statistic and the rejection region for the Wilcoxon signed rank test for the paired difference design in each of the following situations:a. n = 30, a = .10 H,:Two probability
Suppose you want to test a hypothesis that two treatments,A and B, are equivalent against the alternative hypothesis that the responses for A tend to be larger than those for B. You plan to use a
In order to conduct the Wilcoxon signed rank test, why do we need to assume the probability distribution of differences is continuous?
A paired difference experiment with n = 30 pairs yielded T+ = 354.a. Specify the null and alternative hypotheses that should be used in conducting a hypothesis test to determine whether the
An atlas is a compendium of geographic, economic, and social information that describes one or more geographic regions. Atlases are used by the sales and marketing functions of businesses, local
According to the National Sleep Foundation, companies are encouraging their workers to take"power naps" (Athens Daily News, Jan. 9,2000). In Exercise 7.27(p. 371), you analyzed data collected by a
In Exercise 7.29(p. 371), the inflation forecasts of nine economists that were made in June 1999 and January 2000 were reported. These forecasts, obtained from the Wall Street Journal, are reproduced
A job-scheduling innovation that has helped managers overcome motivation and absenteeism problems associated with a fixed 8-hour workday is a concept called flextime. This flexible working hours
The Standard and Poor's 500 Index is a benchmark against which investors compare the performance of individual stocks. A sample of eight of the manufacturing companies included in the index were
It has been known for a number of years that the tailings (waste) of gypsum and phosphate mines in Florida contain radioactive radon 222. The radiation levels in waste gypsum and phosphate mounds in
Consider dot plots a and b shown above. In which plot is the difference between the sample means small relative to the variability within the sample observations?Justify your answer.
Refer to Exercise 7.77. Assume that the two samples represent independent, random samples corresponding to two treatments.a. Calculate the treatment means, i.e., the means of samples 1 and 2, for
Refer to Exercises 7.77 and 7.78. Conduct a twosample t-test (Section 7.1) of the null hypothesis that the two treatment means are equal for each dot plot.Use a = .05 and two-tailed tests. In the
Refer to Exercises 7.77 and 7.78. Complete the following ANOVA table for each of the two dot plots:Source df SS MS F
A MINITAB printout for an experiment utilizing independent random samples is shown below.a. How many treatments are involved in the experiment? What is the total sample size?b. Conduct a test of the
In forming real estate portfolios, investors typically diversify the geographic locations of their holdings.While some choose to own properties in a variety of different metropolitan areas, others
Refer to Fortune (Oct. 25,1999) magazine's study of the 50 most powerful women in America. Exercise 2.36(p. 59). The data table, reproduced below, gives the aye(in years) and title of each of these
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory(MMPI) is a questionnaire used to gauge personality type. Several scales are built into the MMPI to assess response distortion; these include the
Industrial sales professionals have long debated the effectiveness of various sales closing techniques.University of Akron rcsearchers S. Hawes, J. Strong, and B. Winick investigated the impact of
On average, over a million new businesses are started in the United States every year. An article in the Journal of Business Venturing (Vol. 11,1996) reported on the activities of entrepreneurs
Independent random samples were selected from two I normally distributed populations with means p, and p2, respectively. The sample sizes, means, and variI ances are shown in the followmg
Two independent random samples are taken from two populations. The results of these samples are summarized in the next table.a. Form a 90% confidence interval for (p, - p2).b. Test H,: (pI - p2) = 0
List the assumptions necessary for each of the following inferential techniques:a. Large-sample inferences about the difference(p, - p2) bctween population means using a twosample z statisticb.
A random sample of five pairs of observations were selected, one of each pair from a population with mean p,, the other from a population with mean pp The data are shown in the accompanying
Two independent random samples produced the measurements listed in the table on page 421. Do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that there is a difference between the locations of the
Independent random samples are utilized to compare four treatment means.The data are shown in the table below.Treatment 1 Treatment 2 Treatment 3 Treatment 4
The Journal of Testing and Evaluation (July 1992) published an investigation of the mean compression strength of corrugated fiberboard shipping containers.Comparisons were made for boxes of five
Refer to the Marine Technology (Jan. 1995) study of major oil spills from tankers and carriers, Exercise 2.10(p. 34).The data for the 50 recent spills are saved in the file 0ILSPILL.DAT.a. Construct
A manufacturer of automobile shock absorbers was interested in comparing the durability of its shocks with that of the shocks produced by its biggest competitor. To makc the comparison, one of the
Suppose the data in Exercise 7.99 are based on independent random samples.a. Do the data provide sufficient evidence to indicate a difference between the mean strengths for the two types of shocks?
Nontraditional university students, generally defined as those at least 25 years old, comprise an increasingly large proportion of undergraduate student bodies at most universities. A study reported
An accounting firm that specializes in auditing the financial records of large corporations is interested in evaluating the appropriateness of the fees it charges for its services. As part of its
One theory regarding the mobility of college and university faculty members is that those who publish the most scholarly articles are also the most mobile. The logic behind this theory is that good
A study in the Journal of Psychology and Marketing(Jan. 1992) investigates the degree to which American consumers are concerned about product tampering.Large random samples of male and female
Management training programs are often instituted to teach supervisory sk~lls and thereby increa~e productivity. Suppose a company psychologist administers a set of examinations to each of 10
A hotel had a problem with people reserving rooms for a weekend and then not honoring their reservations (no-shows). As a result, the hotel developed a new reservation and deposit plan that it hoped
Does the time of day during which one works affect job satisfaction? A study in the Jo~~rnul of Occupational Psychology (Sept. 1991) examined differences in job satisfaction between day-shift and
How does gender affect the type of advcrtising that proves to be most efkctive? An article in thc Journal of Advertising Reseurch (MayiJune 1990) makes reference to numerous studies that conclude
A state highway patrol was interested in knowing whether frequent patrolling of highways substantially rcduces the number ot speeders. Two similar interstate highways were selected for the studyone
Explain why the Central Limit Theorem is important in finding an approximate distribution for (j3, - 13,).
In each case, determine whether the sample sizes are large enough to conclude that the sampllng distribution of (PI - F2) is approximately normal.a. n1 = 12, n, = 14, 6, = .42, 13, = .57b. n, = 12,n2
For each of the following values ofa, find the values of z for which HI,: (p, - p,) = 0 would bc rejected in favor of Ha: (pl - p2) < 0.a. a = .Olb. a = ,025c. a = .05d. a = .lO
Independent random samples, each containing 800 observations, were selected from two binomial populations. The samples from populations 1 and 2 produced 320 and 400 successes, respectively.a. Test
Construct a 95% confidence interval for (p, - p2) in each of the following situations:a. n, = 400, F1 = .65: n2 = 400, E2 = .58b. n, = 180, F, = .31; n, = 250, j3, = .25 C. nl = 100, PI = .46; n, =
Sketch the sampling distribution of (j3, - i3,) based on independent random samples of n, = 100 and n, = 200 observations from two binomial populations with successprobabilities j3, = .1 and j3, =
Random samples of size n1 = 55 and n2 = 65 were drawn from populations 1 and 2, respectively. The samples yielded p, = .7 and ,E, = .6. Test HI< (p, - p,) = 0 against H,: (pl - p,) > 0 using a =
In evaluating the usefulness and validity of a questionnaire, researchers often pretest the questionnaire on different independently selected samplcs of respondcnts.Knowledge of the differences and
Operation Crossroads was a 1946 military exercise in which atomic bombs were detonated over empty target ships in the Pacific 0cean.The Navy assigned sailors to wash down the test ships immediately
A University of South Florida biologist conducted an experiment to determine whcther increased levels of carbon dioxide kill leaf-eating moths (USF Magazine, Winter 1999). Moth larvae were placed in
Working Women (June 1999) published the results of a 1999 Gallup poll that found that 92% of adult Americans would vote for a woman president. In 1975, a similar poll found that only 73% would vote
Should marketers use ads that appeal to children to sell adult products? One controversial advertisement campaign was Camel cigarettes' use of the cartoon character "Joe Camel" as its brand symbol.
Price scanners are widely used in U.S. supermarkets.While they are fast and easy to use, they also make mistakes. Over the years, various consumer advocacy groups have complained that scanners
Do you have an insatiable craving for chocolate or some other food? Since many North Americans apparently do, psychologists are designing scientific studies to examine the phenomenon. According to
Industrial Marketing Management (Vol. 25,1996) puhlished a study that examined the demographics, decision-making roles, and time demands of product managers. Independent samples of n, = 93
Many female undergraduates at four-year colleges and universities switch from science, mathematics, and engineering (SME) majors into disciplines that are not science based, such as journalism,
Assuming that n1 = n,, find the sample sizes nceded to estimate (p, - p2) for each of the following situations:a. Bound = .O1 with 99% confidence. Assume that p, = .4 and p, = .7.b. A 90% confidence
A pollster wants to estimate the difference between the proportions of men and women who favor a particular national candidate using a 90% confidence interval of width .04. Suppose the pollstcr has
Today, nearly all cable companies carry at least one home shopping channel. Who uses these home shopping services? Are the shoppers primarily men or women? Suppose you want to estimate thc difference
Rat damage creates a large financial loss in the production of sugarcane. One aspect of the problem that has been investigated by the U.S. Department of Agriculture concerns the optimal place to
A manufacturer of large-screen televisions wants to compare with a competitor the proportions of its best sets that need repair within 1 year. If it is desired to estimate the difference between
Refer to the Working Women (June 1999) comparison of the percentages of adult Americans in 1975 and 1999 who would vote for a woman president.Exercise
(p. 434). Suppose you want to make a similar comparison for the years 2000 and 2001. How many adults should be sampled each year to estimate the difference in percentages to within 3% with
a. What are the characteristics of a multinomial experiment? Compare the characteristics to those of a binomial experiment.b. What conditions must n satisfy to make the ,y2 test valid?
A multinomial experiment with k = 3 cells and n = 320 produced the dnta shown in the following one-way table. Do these data provide sufficient evidence to contradict the null hypothesis that p, =
A multinomial experiment with k = 4 cells and n = 205 produced the data shown in the one-way table below.a. Do these data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that the multinomial probabilities
Refer to Exercise 8.27. Construct a 95% confidence interval for the multinomial probability associated with cell 3.Applying the Concepts
M&M's plain chocolate candies come in six different colors: dark brown, yellow, red, orange, green, and blue.According to the manufacturer (Mars, Inc.), the color ratio in each large production batch
Bon Appetit magazine polled 200 of its readers concerning which of the four vegetables-brussel sprouts, okra, lima beans, and cauliflower-is their least favorite. The results(adapted from Adweek,
In order to study consumer preferences for health care reform in the U.S., rescarchers from the University of Michigan surveyed 500 U.S. households (Journal of Consumer Affairs, Winter 1999). Heads
Interferons are proteins produced naturally by the human body that help fight infections and regulate the immune system. A drug developed from interferons, called Avonex, is now available for
Inc. Technology (Mar. 18,1997) reported the results of the 1996 EquifaxIHarris Consumer Privacy Survey in which 328 Internet users indicated their level of agreement with the following statement:
Data from supermarket scanners are used by researchers to understand the purchasing patterns and preferences of consumers. Researchers frequently study thc purchases of a sample of households, called
Each year, approximately 1.3 million Americans suffer adverse drug effects (ADEs), that is, unintended injuries caused by prescribed medication. A study in the Journal of the American Medical
In education, the term instructional technology refers to products such as computers, spreadsheets, CD-ROMs, vidcos, and presentation software. How frequently do professors use instructional
Find the rejection region for a test of independence of two classifications where the contmgency table contains r rows and c columns.a. r = 5, c = 5, a = .05b. r = 3, c = 6, a = .10c. r = 2, c = 3, a
Consider the accompanying 2 X 3 (i.e., r = 2 and c = 3)contingency table.a. Specify the null and alternative hypotheses that should be used in testing the independence of the row and column
Test the null hypothesis of independence of the two classifications, A and B, of the 3 X 3 contingency table shown here. Tcst using a = .05.
In order to create a behavioral profile of pleasure travelers, M. Bonn (Florida State University), L. Forr (Georgia Southern University), and A. Susskind (Cornell University) interviewed 5,026
During the 2000 U.S. presidential campaign, Senator Iil John McCain and Governor George W. Bush competed for the Republican nomination. Immediately prior to the South Carolina primary election,
The American Journal of Public Health (July 1995)reported on a population-based study of trauma in Hispanic children. One of the objectives of the study was to compare the use of protective devices
To better understand whether and how Total Quality Management (TQM) is practiced in US. companies, University of Scranton researchers N. Tamimi and R.Sebastianelli interviewed one manager in each of
For over 20 years, movie critics Gene Siskel (formerly of the Chicago Tribune, now deceased) and Roger Ebert(Chicago Sun-Times) rated the latest film releases on national television, first on PBS
University of Louisville professor Julia Karcher conducted an experiment to investigate the ethical behavior of accountants (Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 15,1996). She focused on auditor
Many companies use well-known celebrities in their ads, while other companies create their own spokespersons(such as the Maytag repairman). A study in the Journal of Marketing (Fall 1992)

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