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business
understanding business ethics

Questions and Answers of Understanding Business Ethics

The video touches on the era of Senator Joe McCarthy and the House Un-American Activities Committee. How has the government impacted on the growth and stability of labor unions?
One of the primary concerns of traditional labor unions is the treatment of outsourcing. Could the entertainment industry outsource operations? How would this affect SAG and the other unions?
What is the general attitude in your class toward labor unions? Are there many union workers in your town? Do you see labor unions gaining strength in the future?
The AFL-CIO site presents the union’s perspective on labor issues. Look at the key issues and check sources such as the National Association of Manufacturers(www.nam.org) and the National Right to
Explain how union membership has affected minorities, women, older workers, and part-time workers.
Do businesses and government agencies have a duty to provide additional benefits to employees beyond fair pay and good working conditions? Propose a system you consider fair and equitable for
Compile a list of two or three employee–management issues not covered in the chapter. Compare your list with those of several classmates and see which issues you selected in common and which are
Research federal and state legislation related to child care, parental leave, and elder care benefits for employees. Are specific trends emerging? Should companies be responsible for providing such
Evaluate the following statement: “Labor unions are dinosaurs that have outlived their usefulness in today’s knowledge-based economy.” After your evaluation, take the position on this statement
Check whether your state supports the right of public employees (police, firefighters, teachers) to unionize and collectively bargain. If not, should it? Should such workers be allowed to strike?
If a company provides employer-paid child care services to workers with children, should those who don’t have children or don’t need child care services be paid extra?
Some college football and basketball coaches earn huge incomes. Should college volleyball and swimming coaches be paid comparably? Should colleges pay their student athletes to play? Should players
Do you believe that union shop agreements are violations of a worker’s freedom of choice in the workplace? Do you think open shop agreements unfairly penalize workers who pay dues to unions they
What are some of the issues related to child care and elder care, and how are companies addressing those issues?
How is the term sexual harassment defined, and when does sexual behavior become illegal?
What’s the difference between pay equity and equal pay for equal work?
How does top-executive pay in the United States compare with topexecutive pay in other countries?
What types of workers do unions need to organize in the future?
What are the major tactics used by unions and by management to assert their power in contract negotiations?
How do changes in the economy affect the objectives of unions?
What are the major laws that affected union growth, and what does each one cover?
How did the Dream On program motivate workers and help build stability within the organization?
How did John Ratliff increase employee motivation by understanding and adapting the motivational theories discussed in the chapter? Which theory do you think is most appropriate?
Why is employee turnover very costly for companies?
Sometimes a personality test does not accurately identify your personality, but it may give you a place to start looking for a portrait that fits. After you have read the portraits on the website,
After you identify your personality type, read the corresponding personality portrait.How well or how poorly does the identified personality type fit?
Herzberg concluded that pay was not a motivator. If you were paid to get better grades, would you be motivated to study harder? In your employment experiences, have you ever worked harder to obtain a
Think of all the groups with which you have been associated over the years—sports groups, friendship groups, and so on—and try to recall how the leaders of those groups motivated the group to
One recent managerial idea is to let employees work in self-managed teams. There is no reason why such teams could not be formed in colleges as well as businesses.Discuss the benefits and drawbacks
Look over Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and try to determine where you are right now on the hierarchy. What needs of yours are not being met? How could a company go about meeting those needs and thus
Talk with several of your friends about the subject of motivation. What motivates them to work hard or not work hard in school and on the job? How important to them is self-motivation as opposed to
Why is it important to adjust motivational styles to individual employees?Are there any general principles of motivation that today’s managers should follow?
What problems may emerge when firms try to implement participative management?
What are several steps firms can take to increase internal communications and thus motivation?
Explain the principles of equity theory.
Evaluate expectancy theory. When could expectancy theory apply to your efforts or lack of effort?
Explain goal-setting theory.
Briefly describe the managerial attitudes behind Theories X, Y, and Z.
Explain the distinction between what Herzberg called motivators and hygiene factors.
Draw a diagram of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Label and describe the parts.
How did Mayo’s findings influence scientific management?
What are the similarities and differences between Taylor’s time-motion studies and Mayo’s Hawthorne studies?
Do you think the corporate culture at Whole Foods is somewhat resistant to change or accepting of change? Why?
Whole Foods structures its organization in a decentralized manner. What does that mean for the company’s operations?
Organizations like Whole Foods need to follow the principles of Henri Fayol, such as the “unity of command.”What is unity of command?
Describe Xerox’s reasons for success.
Read through the history of the company and describe its current strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (a SWOT analysis; see Chapter 7).
Do an online search for “Xerox Corporation.”
A growing number of work groups, including management, are cross-functional and self-managed. To practice working in such an organization, break into groups of five or so students, preferably with
Divide the class into teams of five. Each team should imagine your firm, a producer of athletic shoes, has been asked to join a virtual network. How might you minimize the potential problems of
Imagine you are working for Kitchen Magic, an appliance manufacturer that produces dishwashers. A competitor introduces a new dishwasher that uses sound waves not only to clean even the worst
Describe some informal groups within an organization with which you are familiar at school or work. What have you noticed about how those groups help or hinder progress in the organization?
There is no better way to understand the effects of having many layers of management on communication accuracy than the game of Message Relay. Choose seven or more members of the class and have them
What organizational changes might you recommend to the auto companies? The airline industry?
What problems seem to emerge when an organization gets larger?
Were promotions based strictly on qualifications, as Weber suggested? What other factors may have been considered?
Were you assigned specific tasks or left on your own to decide what to do?
Did you find a division of labor necessary and helpful?
Why do organizations outsource functions?
What is an inverted organization?
What is the main difference between a matrix-style organization’s structure and the use of cross-functional teams?
What management principle does a matrix-style organization challenge?
What is the difference between line and staff personnel?
What are the various ways a firm can departmentalize?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of departmentalization?
What are some reasons for having a narrow span of control in an organization?
Why are organizations becoming flatter?
What did Weber add to the principles of Fayol?
What are the principles of management outlined by Fayol?
What do the terms division of labor and job specialization mean?
What is meant by Six Sigma?
The video mentions the loss of U.S. manufacturing jobs to overseas locations. What is this called?What is the opposite trend that has occurred in the United States with companies like Toyota and
Looking at the future of manufacturing in the United States, do you think U.S. companies like Ball are adapting to the challenges of foreign manufacturers? What is Ball doing to stay competitive?
What location factors might go into the selection of a manufacturing site for Hershey’s chocolate?
Does Hershey use process manufacturing or the assembly process? Is the production of Hershey’s chocolate an intermittent or continuous production process? Justify your answers.
Think about recent experiences you have had with service organizations and select one in which you had to wait for an unreasonable length of time to get what you wanted. Describe what happens when
Think of any production facility at your school, such as a sandwich shop, library, or copy center, and redesign the layout (make a pencil sketch) to more effectively serve customers and allow
Discuss some of the advantages and disadvantages of producing goods overseas using inexpensive labor. Summarize the moral and ethical dimensions of this practice.
In teams of four or five, discuss the need for better operations management in the airline industry. Have the team develop a report listing (a) problems team members have encountered in traveling by
Choosing the right location for a manufacturing plant or a service organization is often critical to its success. Form small groups and have each group member pick one manufacturing plant or one
One way to create new jobs in the United States is to increase innovation among new graduates from engineering and the sciences. How can the United States motivate more students to major in those
Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) has revolutionized the production process.What will such changes mean for the clothing industry, the shoe industry, and other fashion-related industries? What
Workers on the manufacturing floor are being replaced by robots and other machines. On the one hand, this lets companies compete with cheap labor from other countries. On the other hand, automation
How could you use a Gantt chart to keep track of production?
Draw a PERT chart for making a breakfast of three-minute eggs, buttered toast, and coffee. Define the critical path.
What are Six Sigma quality, the Baldrige Award, ISO 9000, and ISO 14000?
What is just-in-time inventory control?
What is the difference between MRP and ERP?
What are the major criteria for facility location?
What do you call the integration of CAD and CAM?
Define and differentiate the following: process manufacturing, assembly process, continuous process, and intermittent process.
What is form utility?
What led companies to focus on operations management rather than production?
What must U.S. companies do to continue to strengthen the country’s manufacturing base?
What have U.S. manufacturers done to regain a competitive edge?
What important questions should you ask before becoming a franchisee in a company like Sonic?
How is a franchise different from a partnership?
Like many entrepreneurs, Troy Smith started Sonic as a sole proprietorship, then took on a partner, and eventually offered franchises. What advantages did he enjoy at each stage of Sonic’s
Did your search give you enough information to answer most of the questions in Figure 5.9? If not, what other information do you need, and where can you obtain it?
Use the search tool to find a franchise that has the potential of fulfilling your entrepreneurial dreams. Navigate to the profile of the franchise you selected.Explore the franchise’s website if a

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