A chemist was investigating the best way to produce 1,2-dichloroethane. He devised two methods, I and II, of doing this.

I. He reacted ethane with chlorine in the presence of UV light by the following reaction:

C₂H₆(g) + 2Cl₂(g) → C₂H₄Cl₂(l) + 2HCl(g)

After doing this he found that 600 g of ethane gave 148.5 g of C₂H₄Cl₂.

a. i. How many moles of ethane are there in 600 g?

ii. How many moles of 1,2-dichloroethane would have been formed if the yield had been 100%?

iii. How many moles of 1,2-dichloroethane are there in 148.5 g?

iv. Calculate the percentage yield of 1,2-dichloroethane.

II. He reacted ethene with chlorine in the dark by the following reaction:

C₂H₄(g) + Cl₂(g) → C₂H₄Cl₂(l)

In this reaction 140 g of ethene gave 396 g of C₂H₄Cl₂.

b. Calculate the percentage yield for this reaction. Show your working.

c. There are isomers of the compound C₂H₄Cl₂. Draw the displayed formulae of the isomers and name them.

d. Choose from redox, substitution, elimination, addition and hydrolysis to give the type of reaction for:

i. Reaction I

ii. Reaction II.