a. What do you understand by the term atomic orbital?

b. Draw diagrams to show the shape of:
i. An s orbital
ii. A p orbital.

c. Element x has the electronic configuration 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁸ 4s².
i. Which block in the Periodic Table does element x belong to?
ii. State the maximum number of electrons in a d subshell.
iii. Element x forms an ion of type X²⁺.
Write the full electronic configuration for this ion using 1s² notation.
iv. Write the symbol for the subshell that begins to fill after the 3d and 4s are completely full.