13. LO.3 Which of the following would be considered a tax benefit or advantage of a qualified retirement plan?

a. Certain lump-sum distributions may be subject to capital gain treatment.

b. Employer contributions are deductible by the employer in the year of contribution.

c. Employee contributions are deductible by the employee in the year of contribution.

d. The qualified trust is tax-exempt as to all income (other than unrelated business income).