6.45 Raw scores, z scores, percentiles, and sports teams: Let’s look at baseball and football again. We’ll look at data for all of the teams in Major League Baseball (MLB) and the National Football League (NFL), respectively.

a. In 2012, the mean number of wins for MLB teams was 81.00, with a standard deviation of 11.733. The perennial underdogs at the time, the Chicago Cubs, had a z score of −1.705. How many games did they win?

b. In 2012, the mean number of wins for all NFL teams was 7.969, with a standard deviation of 3.036. The New Orleans Saints had a z score of −0.319. How many games did they win?

c. The Indianapolis Colts were just below the 84th percentile in terms of NFL wins. How many games did they win? Explain how you obtained your answer.

d. Explain how you can examine your answers in parts (a), (b), and

(c) to determine whether the numbers make sense.