SOC In this exercise, you will use SPSS to graph trends in crime in the United States. You will use the CrimeTrends84-12 data set, which is available from the website for this text.

● Find and click the SPSS icon on your desktop.

● Load the CrimeTrends84-12 data set.

● From the menu bar across the top of the SPSS window, click Graphs, then Legacy Dialogs and Line.

● The “Line Chart” dialog box will open. Click Simple in the top part of the window and Values of Individual Cases from the “Data in Chart Are”

panel.

● Click Define.

Math Test 67 45 68 70 72 85 90 99 50 73 77 78 52 66 89 75 verbal Test 89 90 78 77 75 70 56 60 77 78 80 92 98 72 77 82 Response Time, 2000 Frequency (f )

21 minutes or more 20 16–20 minutes 90 11–15 minutes 185 6–10 minutes 370 less than 6 minutes 210 875 Response Time, 2010 Frequency (f )

21 minutes or more 45 16–20 minutes 95 11–15 minutes 155 6–10 minutes 350 less than 6 minutes 250 895

● The “Define Simple Line” dialog box will open.
In the “Category Labels” panel, click Variable.
Next click year in the list of variables and click the arrow pointing to the “Variable” box.
● Click one of the measures of crime in the list of variables and click the arrow pointing to the “Line Represents” box. Click OK and the line chart will be created in the “SPSS Output” window.
● Repeat these steps for the other crime variables.
● Each time you return to the “Define Simple Line” dialog box, click the variable name in the “Line Represents” box and then click the leftpointing arrow to return the variable to the list of variable names.
● Click on a new measure of crime and click the arrow pointing to the “Line Represents”
box. Click OK and the next line chart will be created. DO NOT change the year variable.
Repeat until you have charts for all five measures of crime.
Write a paragraph describing each of these graphs.
What similarities and differences can you observe among the three graphs? (For example, do crime rates always change in the same direction?) Note the differences in the vertical axis from chart to chart—
for homicide, the axis has a much smaller range than for the other crimes, which are far more common, and a scale with smaller intervals is needed to display the rates.