Data shown below refer to redox couples for the Group 8 elements Fe and Ru.

(a) Comment on the relative stability of Fe²⁺ and Ru²⁺ in acidic aqueous solution.

(b) Give a balanced equation for the reaction that would occur if iron filings were to be added to an acidified aqueous solution of an Fe³⁺ salt.

(c) Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction between Fe²⁺(aq) and an acidified solution of potassium permanganate under standard conditions.

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Fe²+ (aq) + 2e Fe³+ (aq) + e Ru²+ (aq) + 2e Ru³+ (aq) + 2e →→ Fe(s) Fe²+ (aq) →→ Ru(s) → Ru²+ (aq) E = -0.44 V E = +0.77V E = +0.80V E = +0.25V