The common shares of Hoover Inc. are currently selling at $143 per share. The directors want to reduce the share price and increase the share volume before making a new issue. The per share carrying value is $34. There are currently 1 million shares issued and outstanding.

Instructions
(a) Prepare the necessary journal entries assuming that:

1. The board votes a 2-for-1 stock split.
2. The board votes a 100% stock dividend.

(b) Briefly discuss the accounting and securities market differences between these two methods of increasing the number of shares outstanding.