Reconsider the previous exercise of the study of the Hatha yoga, walking exercise, and wait-list control. Another outcome of interest was change in number of words correctly recalled from a list aft er a time delay. The researchers reported the corresponding p-value to be 0.38. (Note: We have presented a simplified version of the study here.)

a. State the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses in words.

b. State the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses in symbols. Be sure to define the symbols used.

c. Based on the p-value reported by the researchers state an appropriate conclusion in the context of the study. Be sure to comment on statistical significance, causation, and generalization along with how you are making your decision.

d. State the conditions under which the results from the theory-based ANOVA test would be valid.