4. Stereotype threat occurs for what reason?

a. It is damaging to one's self-esteem if others share negative stereotypes of your group.

b. People risk behaving in ways consistent with stereotypes, thereby proving the stereotype and creating a self-fulfilling prophecy.

c. Everyone believes in the content of stereotypes, even if they won't consciously admit it.

d. People apply stereotypes to groups they don't like

e. Stereotypes are vulnerable to being disproved by counter-stereotypical information.