a. Describe the negative effects of pollutants on crops, forests, and other materials. Which pollutants are mainly responsible for these effects?

b. Describe the main attributes of successful recycling programs.

c. If you were to design a PAYT program, what would be your main considerations? What actions would you recommend making the program successful?

d. Differentiate between a hazard and a risk. Where does vulnerability fit in?

e. Suppose that your town wanted to spray trees to get rid of a nuisance pest. How would you use a cost-benefit analysis to determine whether spraying is a good idea? What might be a better approach?