Two identical permanent dipoles, each consisting of charges +q and ?q separated by a distance s, are aligned along the x axis, a distance r from each other, where r ? s (see figure below). Show all of the steps in your work, and briefly explain each step.

Draw a diagram showing all individual forces acting on each particle, and draw heavier vectors showing the net force on each dipole. (Submit a file with a maximum size of 1 MB.) Show that the magnitude of the net force exerted on one dipole by the other dipole is this: F ?

-q +9 Fagl ---| |--- r s -9 +9 Fl