1. Review your classmates' posts and respond to at least 1 in a minimum of 150 words. Could there be any explicit or implicit biases that might need to be addressed? Use peer-reviewed literature in the University Library and the Learning Activities folder to substantiate your discussions. Explain why you agree or disagree. Then, share an example from your professional experience to support your assertions.

Here's my classmate's post:

My dissertation topic is communication from the top to middle managers and the communication from middle managers to their subordinates.I want to find out how effective communication is going from the top to the middle manager and then to the subordinates.Over the years I have witnessed poor communication by the time it reaches the subordinates, and I am not sure if it is what is delivered, how it is delivered, or if it is something else.I know I will need to narrow this down but want to focus on communication for my research.Middle managers are key agents of change in organization, but this requires effective communication (Embertson, 2006).

My biases will come from being a leader and previously being a middle manager.It will be easy to see communication effectiveness from my perspective and not be objective to what other's perspectives are.I must be aware of my biases before starting my research and develop ways to counter these biases.Biases can hinder the research and deliver a flawed outcome (Shah & Bohlen, 2023).

To mitigate my biases, I will be self-aware of my biases and work to alleviate what I think and focus on the research from subjects and literature. According to Mackieson et al., (2019) implementing a step-by-step methodology allows for transparency and reduces potential biases.I think continually reminding myself that the study is not about me but helping organizations in an area I feel has not gotten enough attention will also help mitigate my biases.

Embertson, M. K.(2006).The importance of middle managers in healthcare organizations.Journal of Healthcare Management, 51(4), 223-232.https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/importance-middle-managers-healthcare/docview/206725015/se-2

Mackieson, P.,Shlonsky, A.,&Connolly, M.(2019).Increasing rigor and reducing bias in qualitative research: A document analysis of parliamentary debates using applied thematic analysis.Qualitative Social Work, 18(6), 965-980.https://doi.org/10.1177/1473325018786996

Shah, H. S.,&Bohlen, J.(2023).Implicit Bias.National Library of Medicine.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK589697/

Here is literature from Learning Activities to use:

Bowers, R. (2005, Winter). Freire (with Bakhtin) and the dialogic classroom seminar. Alberta Journal of Educational Research, 51(4), 368-378.

Collins, C. (2001). Developing critical consciousness: A personal reflection. The Canadian Journal for the Study of Adult Education, 15(1), 88-103.

Healey, M. L., & Grossman, M. (2018). Cognitive and affective perspective-taking: Evidence for shared and dissociable anatomical substrates. Frontiers in Neurology, 9(491), 1-7.

Marques, J. (2015). The changed leadership landscape: What matters today. Journal of Management Development, 34(10), 1310-1322.

Smith, A. (2006). Cognitive empathy and emotional empathy in human behavior and evolution. The Psychological Record, 56(1), 3-21.