Andretti Company has a single product called a Dak. The company normally produces and selis 84,000 Daks each year at a selling price of $60 per unit. The company's unit costs at this level of activity are given below: A number of questions relating to the production and sale of Daks follow. Each question is independent. Required: 1-3. Assume that Andretti Company has sufficient capacity to produce 100,800 Daks each year without any increase in fixed manufacturing overhead costs. The company could increase its unit sales by 20% above the present 84,000 units each year if it were willing to increase the fixed selling expenses by $100,000. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of investing an additional $100,000 in fixed selling expenses? 1-b. Would the additional investment be justified? 2. Assume again that Andretti Company has sufficient capacity to produce 100,800 Daks each year. A customer in a foreign market wants to purchase 16,800 Daks. If Andretti accepts this order it would have to pay import duties on the Daks of $2.70 per unit and an additional $10.080 for permits and licenses. The only selling costs that would be associated with the order would be $2.20 per unit shipping cost. What is the break-even price per unit on this order? 3. The company has 700 Daks on hand that have some irregularities and are therefore considered to be "seconds." Due to the irregularities, it will be impossible to sell these units at the normal price through regular distribution channels. What is the unit cost figure that is relevant for setting a minimum selling price? 4. Due to a strike in its supplier's plant, Andretti Company is unable to purchase more material for the production of Daks. The strike is expected to last for two months. Andretti Company has ehough material on hand to operate at 25% of normal levels for the two-month period. As an alternative, Andretti could close its plant down entirely for the two months. If the plant were closed, fixed manufacturing overhead costs would continue at 35% of their normal level during the two-month period and the fixed selling expenses would be reduced by 20% during the two-month period. a. How much total contribution margin will Andretti forgo if it closes the plant for two months? b. How much total fixed cost will the company avoid if it closes the plant for two months? c. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of closing the plant for the two-month period? d. Should Andretti close the plant for two months? 5. An outside manufacturer has offered to produce 84,000 Daks and ship them directly to Andretti's customers. If Andretti Company accepts this offer, the facilities that it uses to produce Daks would be idle; however, fixed manufacturing overhead costs would be reduced by 30%. Because the outside manufacturer would pay for all shipping costs, the variable selling expenses would be only twothirds of their present amount. What is Andretti's avoidable cost per unit that it should compare to the price quoted by the outside manufacturer? (Prepared from a situation suggested by Professor John W. Hardy.) Lone Star Meat Packers is a major processor of beef and other meat products. The company has a large amount of T-bone steak on hand, and it is trying to decide whether to sell the T-bone steaks as they are initially cut or to process them further into filet mignon and the New York cut. If the T-bone steaks are sold as initially cut, the company figures that a 1-pound T-bone steak would yield the foliowing profit: If the company were to further process the T-bone steaks, then cutting one side of a T-bone steak provides the filet mignon and cutting the other side provides the New York cut. One 16-ounce T-bone steak cut in this way will yield one 6 -ounce filet mignon and one 8-ounce New York cut; the remaining ounces are waste. It costs $0.12 to further process one T-bone steak into the filet mignon and New York cuts. The filet mignon can be sold for $4.00 per pound, and the New York cut can be sold for $3.30 per pound. Required: 1. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of further processing one T-bone steak into filet mignon and New York cut steaks? 2. Would you recommend that the T-bone steaks be sold as initially cut or processed further? Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of further processing one T-bone steak into filet mignon and New York cut steaks? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to 2 decimal places.) Profits have been decreasing for several years at Pegasus. Airlines. In an effort to improve the company's performance, the company is thinking about dropping several flights that appear to be unprofitable. A typical income statement for one round-trip of one such flight (flight 482 ) is as follows: The following additional information is available about flight 482 : a. Members of the flight crew are paid fixed annual salaries, whereas the flight assistants are paid based on the number of round trips they complete. b. One-third of the liability insurance is a special charge assessed against fight 482 because in the opinion of the insurance company. the destination of the fight is in a "high-fisk" area. The remaining two-thirds would be unaffected by a decislon to drop flight 482. c. The baggage loading and flight preparation expense is an allocotion of ground crews' salaries and depreciation of ground equipment. Dropping flight 482 would have no effect on the company's total baggage loading and flight preparation expenses. d. If flight 482 is dropped, Pegasus Airlines has no authorization at present to replace it with another flight. e. Aircraft depreciation is due entirely to obsolescence. Depreciation due to wear and tear is negligible. f. Dropping filight 482 would not allow Pegasus. Airlines to reduce the number of aircraft in its fleet or the number of flight crew on its payroll. Polaski Company manufactures and sells a single product called a Ret. Operating at capacity, the company can produce and sell 34,000 Rets per year. Costs associated with this level of production and sales are given below: The Rets normally sell for $46 each. Fixed manufacturing overhead is $238,000 per year within the range of 26,000 through 34,000 Rets per year. Required: 1. Assume that due to a recession, Polaski Company expects to sell only 26,000 Rets through regular channels next year. A large retail chain has offered to purchase 8,000 Rets if Polaski is willing to accept a 16% discount off the regular price. There would be no sales commissions on this order; thus, variable selling expenses would be slashed by 75%. However, Polaski Company would have to purchase a special machine to engrave the retail chain's name on the 8,000 units. This machine would cost $16,000. Polaski Company has no assurance that the retail chain will purchase additional units in the future. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of accepting the special order? (Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.) 2. Refer to the original data. Assume again that Polaski Company expects to sell only 26,000 Rets through regular channels next year. The U.S. Army would like to make a one-time-only purchase of 8,000 Rets. The Army would reimburse Polaski for all of the variable and fixed production costs assigned to the units by the company's absorption costing system, plus it would pay an additional fee of $1.80 per unit. Because the army would pick up the Rets with its own trucks, there would be no variable selling expenses associated with this order. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of accepting the U.S. Army's special order? 3. Assume the same situation as described in (2) above, except that the company expects to sell 34,000 Rets through regular channels next year. Thus, accepting the U.S. Army's order would require giving up regular sales of 8,000 Rets. Given this new information, what is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of accepting the U.S. Army's special order? Silven Industries, which manufactures and sells a highly successful line of summer lotions and insect repellents, has decided to diversify in order to stabilize sales throughout the year. A natural area for the company to consider is the production of winter lotions and creams to prevent dry and chapped skin. After considerable research, a winter products line has been developed. However, Silven's president has decided to introduce only one of the new products for this coming winter. If the product is a success, further expansion in future years will be initiated. The product selected (called Chap-Off) is a lip balm that will be sold in a lipstick-type tube. The product will be sold to wholesalers in boxes of 24 tubes for $12 per box. Because of excess capacity, no additional fixed manufacturing overhead costs will be incurred to produce the product. However, a $103,500 charge for fixed manufacturing overhead will be absorbed by the product under the company's absorption costing system. Using the estimated sales and production of 115,000 boxes of Chap-Off, the Accounting Department has developed the following manufacturing cost per box: The costs above relate to making both the lip baim and the tube that contains it. As an alternative to making the tubes for Chap-Off, Silven has approached a supplier to discuss the possibility of buying the tubes. The purchase price of the supplier's empty tubes would be $1.90 per box of 24 tubes. If Silven Industries stops making the tubes and buys them from the outside supplier, its direct. labor and variable manufacturing overhead costs per box of Chap-Off would be reduced by 10% and its direct materials costs would be reduced by 25%. Required: 1. If Silven buys its tubes from the outside supplier, how much of its own Chap-Off manufacturing costs per box will it be able to avoid? (Hint: You need to separate the manufacturing overhead of $2.20 per box that is shown above into its variable and fixed components to derive the correct answer.) 2. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) per box of Chap-Off if Silven buys its tubes from the outside supplier? 3. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) in total (not per box) if Silven buys 115,000 boxes of tubes from the outside supplier? 4. Should Silven industries make or buy the tubes? 5. What is the maximum price that Silven should be willing to pay the outside supplier for a box of 24 tubes? 6. Instead of sales of 115,000 boxes of tubes, revised estimates show a sales volume of 143,000 boxes of tubes. At this higher sales volume, Silven would need to rent extra equipment at a cost of $48,000 per year to make the additional 28,000 boxes of tubes. Assuming that the outside supplier will not accept an order for less than 143.000 boxes of tubes, what is the financial advantage (disadvantage) in total (not per box) if Silven buys 143.000 boxes of tubes from the outside supplier? Given this new information, should Silven Industries make or buy the tubes? 7. Refer to the data in Required 6 . Assume that the outside supplier will accept an order of any size for the tubes at a price of $1.90 per box. How many boxes of tubes should Silven make? How many boxes of tubes should it buy from the outside supplier? The Waiton Toy Company manufactures a line of dolls and a sewing kit. Demand for the company's products is increasing, and management requests assistance from you in determining an economical sales and production mix for the coming year. The company has provided the following data: The following additional information is available: a. The company's plant has a capacity of 115.730 direct labor-hours per year on a single-shift basis. The company's present employees and equipment can produce all five products. b. The direct labor rate of $7 per hour is expected to remain unchanged during the coming year. c. Fixed manufacturing costs total $545,000 per year. Variable overhead costs are $3 per direct labor-hour. d. All of the company's nonmanufacturing costs are fixed. e. The company's finished goods inventory is negligible and can be ignored. Required: 1. How many direct labor hours are used to manufacture one unit of each of the company's five products? 2. How much variable overhead cost is incurred to manufacture one unit of each of the company's five products? 3. What is the contribution margin per direct labor-hour for each of the company's five products? 4. Assuming that direct labor-hours is the company's constraining resource, what is the highest total contribution margin that the company can earn if it makes optimal use of its constrained resource? 5. Assuming that the company has made optimal use of its 115,730 direct labor-hours, what is the highest direct labor rate per hour that Walton Toy Company would be willing to pay for additional capacity (that is, for added direct labor time)? Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. How many direct labor hours are used to manufacture one unit of each of the company's five products? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to 2 decimal places.)