Answer the following questions please! Thank you for advance!

a) Explain in max. 3 sentences why total inventory costs are lower with "manufacturer storage with direct shipping and merge in-transit" compared to "distributor storage with last-mile delivery".

b) Explain in max. 5 sentences why logistics outsourcing may be more beneficial to start-up companies compared to traditional companies.

c) Explain in max. 3 sentences why the share of logistics employees as percentage of total working population is very high in the center of Germany.

d) Explain in short what the key differences are among the three leagility approaches and outline for each approach under which conditions it makes sense for it to be applied.

e) Can the OTIF-service level be bigger than the product fill rate? If no, explain why; if yes formulate an example were the OTIF-service level is bigger than the product fill rate.