Design a Work Breakdown Structure Flow chart for the Leadenhall Building Project

Part One: Building the Future (Premiered on PBS February 12, 2014) commonly known as \"the cheese grater,\" the Leadenhall Building In the bean of historic London a brand new type of building is taking shape. A unique set of challenges has given rise to a world rst. A prefabricated skyscraper assembled by a tiny crew. In an impossibly small space. On a super-fast schedule where every hour is accounted for months into the future. Nothing like this has ever been attempted. But if they can pull it off it could change the way we build forever. This is the inside story of the world's most cutting edge and ambitious construction project. It is the Leadenhall Building. And it is a super skyscraper. London has been building high rise: for almost a thousand years. It began in 1066 with the Tower of London built to intimidate the locals it rose 90 feet and became Britain's rst multi- story stone structure. St. Paul's At least the fourth Cathedral to stand on this site reached 365 feet. More than three centuries ago. The city is always understood high-rise and always understood that high-rise was the my of showing your strength and your success by marking your skyline. Aer the air raids of the Second World War. And terrorist attacks in the 19 eighties and nineties which caused more than a billion dollars' worth of damage. As well as through successive nancial booms which each produces their own monuments. London has seen a constant cycle of construction demolition and reconstruction. Just constant in London's history has being changed. As chief planner for the City of London, I'm responsible for 4 thousand years of history. This is the point where people had been trading for 2 thousand years. I expect it to be that point where they will be trading for another 2 thousand. Now a new kind of skyscraper is rising. The Leadenhall building its distinctive triangular shape has already earned it a nickname; the cheesegrater. The people behind it believe it will change the way we build. It's two AM on a Friday morning in May 2012. While the city sleeps two gigantic trucks make their way through the streets of London They're carrying pieces of steel 90 feet long and weighing more than 40 tons each. They traveled by night Otherwise they'd bring daytime trafc to a standstill. We've got two long heavy columns that have come special transport movement order by the police. We're running late because the police didn't pick them up till fairly late. I think one thirty, quarter to two. When in position the supersized pieces of steel will become part of a unique structure; London's newest skyscraper, the Leadenhall Building, 736 feet tall, 52 stories. It will wrap a 20 thousand tons steel frame in 75 thousand square feet of glass. The Leadenhall Building won't break any height records. But what makes it unique is the revolutionary way it's being built. Pre-fabricated off site and assembled in the tightest of spaces. It's a totally new way of building big. The construction site is right in the heart of cramped historic London. And that's what gives the builders their greatest challenge. The area they have to work in is tiny. Just ten feet wider than the building's footprint. If these columns don't go up tonight there's nowhere to store them. It's a London job. The footprint of the buildings like that, so you are building out of your boots as I call it. Yeah, you'd normally have perhaps a bit more room. What this means is that the Leadenhall Building can't be built like other skyscrapers. In the last 30 years most tall buildings have been constructed using a concrete core. It's a design that produces great stability. But it also demands a serious amount of space. That space to mix on-site or accommodate a eet of concrete trucks and space for a massive workforce. Since at Leadenhall none of that is possible. The buildings designers hit upon two groundbreaking ideas. The rst requires getting rid of the concrete and replacing it with steel. The only concrete you'll nd in the Leadenhall Building is in the floors. Instead of having a massive central core, they plan a steel exoskeleton that would sit outside the building. The second space saving idea is that all the work on this steel ame will be done not in London but 200 miles away in the north of England. Here mighty columns and beams are molded and pressed to withstand enormous stress. Next the steel work is passed on to another factory where it's sand blasted primed and reproofed. Then its stockpile until the exact moment it is required onsite. When all that's left to do is to bolt into place it's not construction. It's some assembly required on a monumental scale. The engineers are so condent in their new way of building that they've agreed to what seems like an impossible deadline. Work started in October 201 1. And they committed to getting it up and running; power on, before the end of 2013. Just 26 months. In skyscraper terms; that's a sprint. But one tiny delay and the whole production line is thrown out of sync. In the long-term, delays have massive nancial implications. The Leadenhall Buildings rst paying tenants already have a moving in date. The project is a joint venture between two of the world's biggest investment companies. They intend to lease out oor space and want the building open, making money as soon as possible. For every day lost someone will have to pay damages. But right now there are more immediate problems. These adjacent buildings start taking deliveries and from four am it's past that now, they will start coming in. It is cutting it ne but we're committed now, so we've got to keep going. The column is meant to be going up ve stories but without explanation the crane's emergency brake has kicked in. Until the column is in position nothing else can happen on-site. There's an issue with the crane. We're trying to nd out what it is now with the hoist brake of the crane. It jumped a couple of times, so it's just playing a bit of a waiting game at the minute. Not a hundred percent sure what the problem is, but we're not good to go until somebody has a look at the hoist brake of the crane. The crane is brand new and its onboard computer thinks the column is over its safe working limit. And that's not something that Paul or his crew can solve. Paul's got no choice but to call the manufacturers for assistance and their 800 miles away in Italy. It's now 07:00 AM and the day shi workers are starting to arrive on site. Alter a reset of the computer, they can take another shot at getting the columns in place. Finally they have success but it comes almost eight hours late. It's a delay they can't afford with workers ready and waiting to oor and glaze the structure. The domino effects can be far-reaching and costly. If they miss deadlines the penalties will run into hundreds of thousands of dollars a week, and there's only 11 thousand more pieces to go! By September the structure is approaching the halfway mark. Today they're starting to add ooring to the 19th level of the building's 52 stories. On a different build you'd expect to see hundreds of workers pouring and smoothing concrete oors with convoys of concrete trucks coming and going but not at Leadenhall. Its concrete plants.. .It's the oors, basically...We've put thousands of these in. It's basically a big jigsaw puzzle. We just ll the gaps in One shi the lads put the steel in, the other; the lads come along and put the concrete slabs in. Like almost everything else on this project. The oors are made off site and delivered ready to be dropped into place. This $150 million plant was developed especially for the Leadenhall project. It may be the closest that pouring concrete ever gets to being cool. Basically it's the future of construction industry and also manufacturing is the one thing where we can make that massive change. They know that their oor is already made. We've manufactured to it. It's to the correct quality and they know that it will come and arrive on time to allow them to install it in their spot on site. The system only works with total precision. The right mix into the right mold with gaps for all the utilities that will come later. Because things will happen fast when it gets to the site. Crane driver Christian holiday and just six workers can complete an area nearly the size of four tennis courts in a single day. Pouring concrete on site would take three times as long and twice the manpower. By ten AM, Christian has laid18 30 foot square oor slabs. Weighing 2.5 tons each. To stay on target he must lay a further 34 by the end of his shi. That's one every ten minutes. Overseeing the work is 28-year-old project engineer Carl Wilkinson. It's his responsibility to ensure work doesn't fall behind schedule. We have no logistics space here. So we have to work on a just-in-time delivery basis. Just in time means nearly too late. It would be impossible to coordinate the delivery and installation of hundreds of thousands of components using conventional 2D plans. So instead they've created a 3D model of the entire structure accurate down to the last bolt. We've spent a lot of time in a 3D environment making sure that when things come to site we've got that assrn-ity that it all ts together. And that it all works and make the actual process on site as efciently as possible. Digital engineering for me is the future for commotion. Every delivery, every crane li, every beam, bolt and cable x has already been given a time slot. They've run the complete simulation and built the Leadenhall Building in a virtual world 37 times But they only get one chance to build it for real. It's fundamental to me that it works as planned and the plan is followed. If these beams weren't here or the bolts were missing at one end and it was on temporary pins, I'd have been going back out to into Camford (sic) deliveries parked outside and then having to reschedule the work and then you lose a day. This steel work was all erected last night, the concrete planks are here now so within a 24-hour shift we'll have erected two stories of steel work and we will have a full oor plate complete. So we have to make sure the planning is absolutely perfect. So as one trade is nishing the next one is having their materials delivered so you do not have any downtime in the actual craneage. It's created an absolute obsession to look at the way the cranes are actually working. I dream about the cranes when I am not at work. For Carl, this is a career dening job. He's never worked on anything this complex or expensive He lives with the knowledge that a week's delay might cost his employers hundreds of thousands of dollars. And when he sees any deviation from the plan he jumps on it. That crane right now shouldn't be doing that operation. So it means a heated phone call in about ve seconds. Joe, I'm just up here though, CC3 on the K braces...I know we don't want any delays on that crane, right. Working in a glass box an eighth of a mile in the air is not for everybody. I would not like to be up that crane. If you climb up the crane you get seasick; it sways all over the place like that; quite horrible. This crane was built especially for the Leadenhall project operating it requires a steady hand and a steady nerve. No, the crane moves quite a lot. If it didn't it would probably just snap in half. It's just basically a big shing rod. You see they don't make these too comfortable. Otherwise, you'd probable Want to go to sleep. Christian has hit his 72 slab target for the day. The Leadenhall Building is now oored up to level 20. But to nish the job on time and on budget, He must continue at this pace for the next seven months. As the New Year arrives the steel work has climbed up past its neighbors to the 40th oor. Locals can't mistake the distinctive form for anything else. They call it the cheesegrater. But its unusual shape is not just the whim of some architect. Building in London means adhering to some of the toughest planning regulations in the world. The higher you want to go the harder it is to get permission. With a skyscraper one concern trumps all the others. Protecting the view of London's most important landmark, St. Paul's Cathedral. Rising from the ashes of the Great Fire of 1666 St Paul's is the beating heart of London. It was the venue for Lord Admiral Nelson's funeral and Charles and Diana's wedding. During the Blitz in World War, Two Winston Churchill ordered re brigades to save it before any other building. Because to lose it, would destroy Britain's morale. In the last ten years, high rise construction has encroached on Saint Paul's. The Historic Monument risks being lost in a Forest of skyscrapers. It is like Mission Impossible trying to put a tall building with Saint Paul's with all of these key cardinals that protect it. There is nothing in that background that is confusing as to the clarity of its' shape. But it's one last view; let's protect that. But we tried a number of buildings that worked within that so we had similar stepped; followed its' prole and others that were slightly bigger and squarer. So we did explore a number of versions of that; the clients just liked the directness of the incline. But preserving the clear \ 'ew of St. Paul's comes at a huge cost. The wedge-shaped means that as the Leadenhall Building goes up each oor becomes smaller. There are other design solutions to solve. And in an industry where the higher the oor the more valuable it is. Owners of a skyscraper want more oor space. Not less. We approximately calculated that useil space was about 350 thousand square feet. And they said, well to be honest the gure has to begin with the x. The solution the architects hit upon is the key feature that makes this building design unique. To maximize efciency everything that isn't rentable oor space will be housed in a separate structure. A conventional skyscraper puts all its services, elevators, restrooms and all the mechanical and electrical systems at the center of the building, where it takes up rentable oor space. In the Leadenhall Building it's all moved to the back and packed into an ultra-efcient external spine. The North Core. The North Core is made up of 139 modular building blocks called tables, which stack one on top of the other, three to a oor. The North Core has the wash rooms in it, and it has all the services in it, has the lis so the ofce space is completely open oor plate; so that's the server and this is the served. What's really smart about how the North core is being built is that each table comes to the site fully loaded with pipe work, electrics, plumbing and oor plates. That means it can go up in record time. They just all the time just taking pressure off the construction site and taking pressure off the logistics. The table units are manufactured to precise specifications in Northern Ireland. To keep up with the relentless schedule they need to be 100% certain of each component will slot exactly into position once it arrives on site. The production line process is familiar. But here no one has ever had to manufacture anything this big or this complex before. We've had to change our techniques quite a lot, from cutting, drilling, fabrication, nal assembly. For us, we've got to make sure it's absolutely perfect; every weld is consistently the same. Normally a skyscrapers structural steel work is hidden. But the designers are so proud of this innovation that they've ordered each table to be sprayed of vivid shade of yellow so everyone can see it. As soon as the paints dry, it's rushed across the Irish Sea to central England to be tted out. If you just look and you see how tight it is between each services and how compact you can obviously see electrical containment, hot mter, cold water, cooling water, chilled, sprinkler systems, electrical systems. Designing and manufacturing something this sophisticated is an enormous challenge. But, if forced to build this structure by conventional means in the cramped, congested streets of London; meeting their deadline would be impossible. Ifyou had done this in a traditional build I would have to get all the materials piece by piece to the site. 24 hours alter landing from Northern Ireland. The table has everything it needs to be plugged straight into the building. March 2013. The Leadenhall Building is it 551 feet, two-thirds of its final 736 foot height. It's just one year since the very first North Core table arrived on site. In that time a team of 24 people has assembled this; 41 floors of prefabricated modules. There are just 18 tables left to fit. Christian Holiday, the day shift crane operator, begins his daily commute. He needs to be in position ready to lift the moment the delivery trucks pull in. Otherwise, a carefully choreographed plan starts to unravel Where do you want me?Part Two: Building the Future (Premiered on PBS February 12, 2014) Commonly known as \"the cheese grater,\" the Leadenhall Building: Working at a height of 650 feet, it's now down to Christian to maneuver this 42 ton cable into its nal position with a 'action of an inch precision. The problem is he's Working blind. I can't see what's going on down there. Directing Christian from level 41, 120 feet below is his banksman, Jamie Perry. You just rely on the banksman. Basically, they are your eyes when you're blind. Without them you just couldn't operate. Down helow...You can't see what's happening down there. He just talks to the constantly. ..If he stops talking to me now I stop liing. It gets a bit hair-raising some days...If it's wet, the steel can get a bit slippy. It's not for everybody, let's say...I'll go home and talk to my friends and they'll say, 'Not a chance would I go up there, not a chance'. It still unnerves you every now and again, hut.. .it's just what we do, so. . .Just don't look down. Working blind at such extreme heights leaves no room for error. Every load, every litt. .you've got to concentrate, otherwise you could hurt somebody quite easily. It's a responsible job. If I make a wrong move, then somebody's going to get hurt. Faced with the narrowest of time slots and the smallest of spaces in which to maneuver. Tight t. Everyone is counting on this massive piece of steel. Please set down, please set down. slotting right into place. It's in. Back down for another. Securing the tables couldn't be simpler or faster. The basic tool we use is our 'podger'. We line the holes up with this. . .Push it through. .and then we'll pop the bolt in. Keeps my nger ends safe that does. No concrete pouring, no welding. All it takes is a handful of bolts and the 42 ton table is locked into position. And since each north core level is comprised of just three tables, working at top speed the team can install a full level in a single day. Anymore wagons. They push on into the night. They're committed to a delivery date and a schedule which means that work must run 24/7. By early May the steel frame and precast oors are complete up to level 50. Just two oors to go until they reach the top. Two cladding teams follow behind, transforming the Leadenhall building from steel to glass. Traditionally glass installation requires a large workforce and space for them to load and operate cranes. But because the North core is already lled with services; there's no room to work like this. But once again the unique nature of this structure has forced the engineers to innovate. How's Guys Isaac, are you OK? The man in charge of cladding the North core is Phil Sedge (sic). Today he starting work on level 21. Phil's secret weapon is a revolutionary new system called Cerberus. Cerberus is a self raising platform with a monorail that can be quickly moved from oor to oor. Glass panels can then be delivered to the right level and slid around the building into position. It's a custom made system designed just for the Leadenhall building. Using Cerberus Phil and a crew of just 30 can clad two oors in a week. On the sloping south side using more traditional cladding methods is Phil's younger brother, Andy. (Andy Sedge - garbled) Without Cerberus to help them Andy's team simply uses a hoist and manpower to maneuver their panels into place. The two brothers aren't just racing to meet a deadline; they're racing against each other. We have worked on many projects together hutl am thinking a sibling rivalry .. competitiveness. I think my side of it is a lot more difficult. A lot more architectural elements. So I've got a little nishes to look. A much more challenging system...is much more intricate systems to install.. .50 generally I think I've got a harder task The brothers have until August to nish adding 17 acres of glass to the Leadenhall building. It remains to be seen who will reach the nish line first. Phil and Cerberus or Andy sticking to the tried and tested method. Average of about 20 a day for these external unis. In the next ten weeks, I believe we will have a majority of the slab sections of the office done. The race is on. But despite the best laid plans Andy and Phil are both at the mercy of something that can't be scheduled; the British weather. Anything over 20 miles per hour could easily catch the glass and smash it into the structure. Each panel is manufactured in China. Any replacement means a six-week wait. We had 22nd July target date to join our chief. But we realize that probably slipped a couple of weeks and if we keep losing, its gets to a point where you can't creep back. The life here has been a lot of hours; very stressful Unless Phil can nd a way to get back on track, not only will he lose out to his little brother but he's in danger of incurring huge nancial penalties. It's now June. The framework is nearing completion and the team has reached a critical phase in the construction process. For the past 12 months, Surveyor, Justin Carmichael, has been tracking, what in any other building would be a disturbing pattern. The top of the building is leaning over to the north. Every 5-6 weeks we see about two millimeters of movement. The North Kore is an ingenious solution to the problem of space. But loading all the services onto one side has caused the whole building to move. It is an asymmetric building so there is more load on the north side of the building than there is on the south. Which means that the building is going to settle differently\" .the foundations are going to settle differently on the north than south. So as the building gets taller it gets heavier and leans further to the north. Normally this level of movement would be a horrifying design ow. But here these growing pains are not only accounted for; they were planned. It's all part of another world rst that the engineers have called active alignment. We allow the building to move sideways and we monitor very carelirlly how much it's moving sideways. And we put it back again back again to the south. The theory is that the Leadenhall Building steel frame can be tightened up during the construction process. This will make it stand up straight. The building's steel frame weighing 20 thousand tons is adjustable. It's a very particular kind of approach. We're not aware of any other skyscrapers that have tried to do this. So far it's only been tried in the lab on a computer model. Steel erector Carl Martin is about to put the theory to the test. No one had done it before so we had to start from scratch. So... it's a good job for you. This extraordinary process is only possible because of the Leadenhall buildings unique structural 'ame. To join vertical column to horizontal beams and diagonal braces. The engineers designed 23 ton star shaped pieces of steel known as nodes. When the building was erected each of these joints was lled with a number of steel spacers called shins. By opening the joint Carl should be able to remove the necessary number of shims and correct the building. First, Carl m giant green clamps either side of the node. He places powerful jacks in each comer and inserts hydraulic pumps into each jack. Its the same principle as jacking up a car; except this is a 52 story skyscraper. If a pipe goes then you've got the high pressure hydraulic oil will come out. I said what happens if one of them breaks. ..like a big mess. The nuts on the mega bolts are loosened and then 500 PSI of pressure is released into each jack. At rst nothing happens. The joint remains clamped shut. The pressure is increased. Still, nothing. The pressure is cranked up again. Each jack is now exerting the equivalent of 220 tons of pressure. Finally, movement. The entire structure above this point is now being forced up. Allowing the shims to be removed and this line of steel shortened. We took nine today but this was the third time. . .we took seven last time and eight the time before so basically we've gone 20, 24 mil. All that remains is to release the pressure and close the joints By the time the building has settled into its new position the tap of the skyscraper has shifted to the South by almost one inch bringing it into line with the oors below. All the while the cladding teams have raced against each other and their deadline. Their goal is to nish adding 12 acres of glass by August. For the past month Phil's team on the North Core has battled unseasonably high wind. In that time he's gone back to the drawing board and customized his new cladding system, Cerberus, to make it more resilient. What we have realized because of the high winds that were received recently that we have now put something in place that can deal with that. ..with a tension wire system. No one's ever tried anything like this before. So there's a degree of trial and error involved before they get it right As the units come out in the launch area they actually get attached to those cables.. .they run on runners. . .aud they can only move a little bit in the wind. But that way we've reduced it from swaying and the actual manual labor of trying to hold the unit away from the building. By mi. m that they come back around we've already gone out with the next unit we can try and getting something back but there is a I have a lot of work to get to that period; that point in time. Phil's team now needs to work at-out to recover lost time. Keeping the pressure on he's got younger brother, Andy, hot on his heels. I'm sure he'll keep chasing me right to the very end of the project. We're catching him up. . .I'm sure ... electrical services that make the building live and breathe. Normally a building would put these systems at the very bottom; in the basement. But at Leadenhall in the fight to maximize rentable Two weeks later with the north and south cladding teams neck and neck at level 39, the final floor space, they are going to cram heating equipment, cooling towers, chilling modules, steel beam at the highest point of the building is about to be fitted. generators, boilers and control rooms into this space. Yeah, we're going to start lifting the mega-beam now, yeah? So we'll need to connect this up as Right at the top. quick as possible, yeah? It's going to be lifted up with the crane from the ground floor and it going to come in through Night shift manager, Ormond Maxwell, does the final checks. this opening that you can see just here; lowered down onto level 49 and it is probably going to be one of the most challenging parts of the project. They're ready to lift now, yeah. The column's dresses. ..um, the beam's dressed. The issue is that up here; space is tight. The floors are just a quarter the size of the ground-level. I'd say this operation should be complete within three hours. Using 3D modeling engineers tried 20 different configurations before working out how they could pack everything in. It's known as topping out and is the culmination of 17 months non-stop work The last beam of their 11 thousand piece steel frame is too long. As you can see it is already tight for space. So once the cladding is installed and this is all enclosed it's 'goona' feel a lot smaller as well o it's going to be extremely challenging space wise The beam we were planning to put in tonight won't fit. So we've got an engineer up top having a to make sure we're getting things in the right sequence and that means into position...into that look at it... to see why it doesn't fit. Hopefully, they can rectify the problem. We'll get this in final position straight away. Without that 3D model I don't think it would have been possible up tonight by hook or by crook. Yep, there's no doubt about that. The boys will work through until here . that's fitted tonight. Since the steel work took three months longer than anticipated, Nick needs the systems In the end their only option is to pry open the gap and wedge in the last beam. This may be one installation to go without a hitch. He's got to fit 25 units by November. of the world's most technologically advanced construction projects but sometimes it just comes down to a little brute force. The topping out may not have gone quite as planned but within hours The way the build has gone at the moment the structure has overrun. Say there is a reasonable the crew is celebrating the official completion of the steel mega frame. It marks the start of a new amount of pressure now to get the fit out.. . finished at these levels. phase in the building's construction. But nothing can happen until the cladding is done. On the floors below all eyes are on the Sedge And my role was changed considerably; I've gone from being the Project Engineer in charge of brothers. 11 months ago they began a race to cover the Leadenhall Building with 75 thousand the daily delivery of the structure to the ... and logistics manager...if you will on the ground square feet of glass. Older brother Phil is working on the north core using the new monorail floor. So foolishly may have gone from the top of the buildings to the bottom. system, Cerberus. While younger brother Andy is sticking with good old fashioned manpower on the south side. They're approaching the newly built finish line and it's clear who will be taking Project engineer, Karl has moved down to ground level to begin work on the Galleria, a show first place. stopping public space five stories high. Phil...as you can see now with. . . you can see now we've finished...level 48 and its all done now A steel frame means that we don't have central core. So we've managed to free this hugh so it very good. 19:03 shoes price face on the ground floor and I'm really open up the whole building. The job is Phil's pioneering new installation system, Cerberus, has boosted his team to the top. coming to an end. He could see the finishing line final pieces still going in. I do know that I don't always win; I just happen to live with that unfortunately. So the handover between Myself and Cao Cao's bull the structure up from ground level signals. Now the next stage of the builds We've finished it's a good achievement. On any other project topping out is a milestone marking the end of major works. For the Andy still has seven floors of glass work to go. Leadenhall Building is not like other skyscrapers. And the most important part of their build is still to come; fitting out the top four floors of the tower. They'll contain all the mechanical and 6I'm on M last level of glass going in; I've got the internals going in aer that. Regardless of the 3M1 always going to say that mine was a bit tougher. August 2013, it's 23 months since the major building work began at Leadenhall. The steel ame is complete and standing up straight. All the oors have been laid and the cladding is nished. It means that it's time for the critical power systems to he installed on the topmost oors of the 736 foot tall tower. First up; one of four 18 ton generators. It's a delicate operation. One small knock could damage the $1.4 million mechanism. (Garbled) whom the cab window. . .that's got to be 12-14 meters long; that's what worries you if its windy and it spins on you. ..now we're going down, down from, down through the letterbox from 51 to 48; the hole we going down is virtually the size of the machine; so I have to take this real slow once we get through. ..I see a couple of the lads down there and their going to help on the tag line. Once we get through the top here.. .is going to take over for us. Jimmy must slide the generator through a narrow slot that's been le in the attic's roof. The closer we go through the top here the hole narrows; as we go down it gets narrower. . .so I don't lcnow if you can see from there but we only have inches. . .literally inches The rst key piece is in; now everything else must be positioned around it. By following the detailed 3D model, Jimmy and the team install four oors of systems so fast that they are able to claw back the three months loss to the steel work overrun. With all of the main systems installed they're ready to plug into the power grid flick the switch and bring the Ieadenhall Building to life. Almost 40 thousand components have been assembled in under two years. A European construction record for a building of this size. The architects, engineers and construction workers at the Leadenhall Building have pushed the limits of what can he achieved in the smallest of spaces and tightest of schedules. Well we have been engrossed in is as much as we have. .. it's very hard to stand back and see just what we've actually achieved over the last two years. And\" ...iun .we really have achieved something very, very special in a very short period of time. It's an absolute celebration of engineering. In the heart of an ancient city. The building of the future has an'ived. Right on schedule