duction Management is essential element in every working entity to ensure its profitability and continuity. Managers can enhance their employees' productivity through constant motivation, effective teamwork, and great leadership. In this paper, different management approaches will be discussed to create a bigger picture of what a good management should be. HSBC and AlRayan bank are financial institutions based in the UK with a different banking system. Different aspects of both companies will be compared between the two banks to understand the effectiveness of each banks' management approach. HSBC bank was established in 1865 to finance trade between Europe and Asia. HSBC bank has around 6,600 offices in 80 countries and territories across Africa, Asia, Oceania, Europe, North America and South America, and around 60 million customers. Today HSBC is one of the world's biggest managing an account and money related administrations associations serving somewhere in the range of 48 million clients. Stuart Gulliver (2015), HSBC Group Chief Executive, states (HSBC is all around situated in the more quickly developing markets and crosswise over worldwide exchange streams to profit by these motors of worldwide development). On the other hand, Al-Rayan bank is an Islamic bank located in the United Kingdom. AlRayan bank has established in August 2004 to provide financial service products to British Muslims. Furthermore, Al-Rayan bank is the first British bank guaranteeing to work, completely, as per Islamic principles. Vast majorities of the European Muslims are living in the United Kingdom and their numbers are arising. According to a study by David Voas (2015), a professor at Essex University, he revealed that Britain's Muslim population (including Scotland and N. Ireland) increased from 1.6 million in 2001 to almost 2.8 million in 2011. That represents an almost seventy-five percent increase over a ten-year period. Indeed, Islamic finance is not only for Muslims, it is available for everyone. Islamic banks functions by working without the utilization of premium and is established on Islamic account standards got from exchange, business enterprise and danger sharing. Finally, AlRayan bank provides Sharia compliant savings, finance and current account services to over 50,000 personal, business and premier customers. Having introduced HSBC and AL-Rayan bank, the paper now will discuss the aspects of leadership and its effect on the organization, ways to motivate employees in workplace, and ways to develop effective teamwork. Leadership "Leadership is a process of social influence in which one person is able to enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task." The major points of this definition are that leadership is a group activity, is based on social influence, and revolves around a common task. Although this specification seems relatively simple, the reality of leadership is very complex. Leaders are required today to challenge business as usual, create visions of the future, and inspire organizational members. Leadership styles can be characterized as the path in which the elements of initiative are the route in which the pioneer normally acts towards individuals from the gathering or the association. Some leaders are humanistic and they care about the environment in the workplace and how this can effect on their employees while other make decisions based on their ideas and judgments and they don't accept any interruptions form the employees. From the definition above, leadership could be divided into: Autocratic leadership style Democratic leadership style Autocratic Leadership Style Businessdictionary.com has defined the autocratic leadership as follow \"A leadership style in which the leader dictates policies and procedures, decides what goals are to be achieved, and directs and controls all activities without any meaningful participation by the subordinates.\" HSBC has being led by several world-class Executives, as reported by HSBC Bank (2014): \"In this banking organization, CEO and Group General Manager lead and manage the whole organization. The employees working in the company are responsible to report to the Chief Executive, named Stuart Gulliver\". So, the authority over decision-making, control, administration and staffing is centralized as a responsibility of the CEO. Considering this fact, there is form of autocratic leadership in managing the organization of HSBC. The primary reason why the organization is managed through autocracy is that the company is multinational and in fact, HSBC serves its customers in about 9500 offices located 89 countries (Thinking Bookworm, 2009). The necessity of bureaucracy and direction by chief leaders is indispensable as long as the operations and processes being carried in the company are immense and complex. Likewise, Al-Rayan bank also implements the autocratic leadership style within its financial institutions. In general, it's not familiar that banks implement the democratic approach due to the risky business. For instance, a major sector of any financial institutions is investment, and it requires a careful and fast decision from a qualified and authorized personnel. Thus, banks executives have to follow the autocratic leadership style in order to avoid ineffective critical decisions. Democratic Leadership Style In contrast, democratic leadership style had the opposite characteristics compare to the autocratic leadership style. Again, Businessdictionary.com has defined the democratic leadership as \"Involves a team guided by a leader where all individuals are involved in the decision-making process to determine what needs to be done and how it should be done. The group's leader has the authority to make the final decision of the group.\" From the definition, a clear difference can be seen in the decision making process, it differ from the autocratic approach in a point that all employees are highly involved in the decision making process. One of the famous companies that famously implemented the democratic leadership style is Zappos.com. The online retail company has eliminated traditional titles and flattened the typical corporate hierarchy. Each style above has advantages and disadvantages, for instance in HSBC Decisions can be made quickly but it is not always works especially in long term because it deskill the employees and the team always relies on the leader. Motivation The success of a company can be always tracked back to its motivated employees. Motivation can drive an employee to be happy, hardworking, and productive, thus efficiently leading the company to achieve its goals. Motivation is a procedure to stimulate workers to the work objective through a particular way and process, this is not an item rather system or strategy or workmanship. Motivational Theories McClelland's Theory McClelland's theory studied the differences between people and found that employee needs are acquired as a result of their life experiences. The above picture shows that McClelland's outlined the motivational needs of employees into three main points each of them is important for the employee, next paragraph will explain how each point could affect the employees work. People motivated by rewards and HSBC also agreed with that and agreed that motivation is based on giving people an appropriate combination of rewards. There are a number of different theories as to what motivates workers. HSBC believed that they have to treat their employees as partners in the business and to keep them followed by all the information about the performance of the work and the management decisions, and listen to their views to insure that they have a comfortable working environment and the right training for the job. Moreover, HSBC group regarded the way of motivating staff through offering various organizational benefits. HSBC offer an advantages bundle that is adaptable and is certain to the decision of employees. Employees are allowed to pick their mix of advantages (Pension plans, and so forth.) contingent upon their own needs. Similarly, as in Al Rayan Bank, in HSBC the pioneers motivate their subordinates through such budgetary prizes. Hence, enhancing the relationship between the staff and the association and creating the feeling of belongingness. This marvel can be tended to as in the hypothesis of hierarchy of needs where affection and belongingness are considered as the third step in levels of human needs. It is accounted for in the organization's site, there is another project called "Branch Leadership Program" presented in HSBC. Furthermore, The HSBC website shows that there is a new program called \"Branch Leadership Program\" which is A two-year system intended to give graduates keen on venture administration as well as operations with a fast track to a leadership career in Operations, Technology and Services with a main worldwide bank. As can be seen, HSBC's such an exceptional open door must be exceedingly coveted by everybody who sets yearning objectives and expects awesome changes in their future. With the help of McClelland's theory of need, it is easier to decipher how HSBC, as an association, inspires its representatives towards achievement. Since, for a specific sort of individuals, the quintessence and engaging quality of "Power" is exceptional and they strive hard to get that power and feel fundamentally critical among individuals. Driving individuals and affecting them through own potential is a kind of need to picking up force. Incredibly, this unmistakably shows the hypothesis of requirements works and is generally polished in the present day working environment, Such as HSBC. Interestingly, this actual way of motivation can also be perceived as a \"motivator\" when concerned with the theory of Herzberg. A possibility of personal growth, gaining status, recognition and advancement are the characteristics of motivators in the theory. Accordingly, Herzberg's vision and hypothesis of motivation can be found sensible and as a real-life incident in the context of HSBC. To make it clear, the trainings and staff sessions organized in HSBC up skill employees to promote in their field and that can be a source of enthusiasm. McGregor's Theory Douglas McGregor suggests two theories to explain why people work Theory X assumes that workers are lazy, motivated by money and will only work if management pushes them. Theory Y believes that workers are motivated by many different factors and are responsible and committed. Theory "X" gives off an impression of being very relevant to the Al Rayan bank. Since, the nature of Al Rayan bank requires taking after an orderly approach which connections to bureaucratic framework. At the end of the day, as Theory X accept that individuals are hesitant to work and reckless, decision-making ought to be incorporated to the top power. At that point, subsequently, the exactness of the operations. However, Al-Rayan bank also is partially implement some points from the theory \"Y\". For instance, the most important factor for the bank is faith, so they motivate their employees by closing all the branches on Friday afternoons to allow the staff to attend Friday prayers. In fact, that would give some sort of responsibility to the employees for being giving a time to perform an important religious ritual and being motivated by such a policy. The bank also has a Sharia department and an independent Sharia Supervisory Committee to ensure that its products are compliant with Islamic teachings. Recommendation In brief I can say, in order for AL- Rayan Bank to progress, creative team working should be encouraged. Continuously, while leader's perception about staff is based on Theory X, there will not be any chance for team cooperation. So, they have to go more with Theory Y which is believes that workers want to take responsibility and they are looking to develop themselves and they are self-motivated, to encourage their employees to work hard and encouraging their employees to share their ideas, and facilitating the conversation. In general, Democratic leadership will work better with employees that fell under theory \"Y\". Developing effective teamwork There is a lot of factors can effective on team working one of them is Poor connection between the team this could stop the effective team working by closing down information flow. While Good communication decides the failure or success of projects requiring teamwork, and ultimately, the business itself. At the point when team members speak with open minds , and by making inquiries instead of making presumptions, they build trust and agreement in the workplace. These components cooperate to make a business society of fellowship and achievement. Team working has many advantages, one of them is making new companionships, a feeling of gathering achievement and conveyance of obligations. Then again, cooperation likewise may bring about pressure and nervousness among representatives in light of poor correspondence. Compelling correspondence can wipe out a great part of the anxiety and negative sentiments in some cases connected with working nearly as a group. Entrepreneurs ought to urge their representatives to correspond with each other unmistakably when cooperating. This is particularly critical for littler organizations, whose representatives frequently must work intimately with each other. Good communication decides the failure or success of projects requiring teamwork, and ultimately, the business itself. At the point when team members speak with open minds, and by making inquiries instead of making presumptions, they build trust and agreement in the workplace. These components cooperate to make a business society of fellowship and achievement. ORGNIZATION BEHAVIOR REPORT A COMPARISON BETWEEN HSBC AND AL- RAYAN ISLAMIC BANK PREAPEARD FOR MR. GREG TURTON BY IBTISAM ABDELLA SADU 23 - 11 - 2015 CONTENT 1- Introduction....................................................... 2- Leadership......................................................... 2.1 What is leadership style? 2.2 What are leadership skills and traits? 2.3 How The leadership could effect on the Team work? 3- Motivation......................................................... 3.1 What is Motivation? 3.2 Theories and perspective on Motivation? 3.3 How to motivate the employees in workplace? 4- Developing team working....................................... 4.1 What is Team working 4.2 Belbin team roles theory 5- Conclusion.......................................................... 6- References.......................................................... Introduction 2 Management is essential element in every working entity to ensure its profitability and continuity. Managers can enhance their employees' productivity through constant motivation, effective teamwork, and great leadership. In this paper, different management approaches will be discussed to create a bigger picture of what a good management should be. HSBC and Al-Rayan bank are financial institutions based in the UK with a different banking system. Different aspects of both companies will be compared between the two banks to understand the effectiveness of each banks' management approach. HSBC bank was established in 1865 to finance trade between Europe and Asia. HSBC bank has around 6,600 offices in 80 countries and territories across Africa, Asia, Oceania, Europe, North America and South America, and around 60 million customers. Today HSBC is one of the world's biggest managing an account and money related administrations associations serving somewhere in the range of 48 million clients. Stuart Gulliver (2015), HSBC Group Chief Executive, states (HSBC is all around situated in the more quickly developing markets and crosswise over worldwide exchange streams to profit by these motors of worldwide development). On the other hand, Al-Rayan bank is an Islamic bank located in the United Kingdom. Al-Rayan bank has established in August 2004 to provide financial service products to British Muslims. Furthermore, Al-Rayan bank is the first British bank guaranteeing to work, completely, as per Islamic principles. Vast majorities of the European Muslims are living in the United Kingdom and their numbers are arising. According to a study by David Voas (2015), a professor at Essex University, he revealed that Britain's Muslim population (including Scotland and N. Ireland) 3 increased from 1.6 million in 2001 to almost 2.8 million in 2011. That represents an almost seventy-five percent increase over a ten-year period. Indeed, Islamic finance is not only for Muslims, it is available for everyone. Islamic banks functions by working without the utilization of premium and is established on Islamic account standards got from exchange, business enterprise and danger sharing. Finally, Al-Rayan bank provides Sharia compliant savings, finance and current account services to over 50,000 personal, business and premier customers. Having introduced HSBC and AL-Rayan bank, the paper now will discuss the aspects of leadership and its effect on the organization, ways to motivate employees in workplace, and ways to develop effective teamwork. Leadership "Leadership is a process of social influence in which one person is able to enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task." Common tasks and social activates define leadership but in reality, it is more complex. Leaders are required today to challenge business as usual, create visions of the future, and inspire organizational members. Leadership styles can be characterized as the path in which the elements of initiative are the route in which the pioneer normally acts towards individuals from the gathering or the association. Some leaders are humanistic and they care about the environment in the workplace and how this can effect on their employees while other make decisions based on their ideas and judgments and they don't accept any interruptions form the employees. From the definition above, leadership could be divided into: 4 Autocratic leadership style Democratic leadership style Autocratic Leadership Style Businessdictionary.com has defined the autocratic leadership as follow \"A leadership style in which the leader dictates policies and procedures, decides what goals are to be achieved, and directs and controls all activities without any meaningful participation by the subordinates.\" HSBC has being led by several world-class Executives, as reported by HSBC Bank (2014): \"In HSBC bank they follow an Autocratic leadership style which is the the Group General manager and CEO make all the decisions and led the Organization. While the employees is only responsible to report to the Chief Executive, named Stuart Gulliver\". So, the authority over decision-making, control, administration and staffing is centralized as a responsibility of the CEO. Considering this fact, there is form of autocratic leadership in managing the organization of HSBC. The primary reason why the organization is managed through autocracy is that the company is multinational and in fact, HSBC serves its customers in about 9500 offices located 89 countries (Thinking Bookworm, 2009). The necessity of bureaucracy and direction by chief leaders is indispensable as long as the operations and processes being carried in the company are immense and complex. Likewise, Al-Rayan bank also implements the autocratic leadership style within its financial institutions. In general, it's not familiar that banks implement the democratic approach due to the risky business. For instance, a major sector of any financial institutions is investment, and it requires a careful and fast decision from a qualified and authorized personnel. Thus, banks 5 executives have to follow the autocratic leadership style in order to avoid ineffective critical decisions. Democratic Leadership Style In contrast, democratic leadership style had the opposite characteristics compare to the autocratic leadership style. Again, Businessdictionary.com has defined the democratic leadership as \"Involves a team guided by a leader where all individuals are involved in the decision-making process to determine what needs to be done and how it should be done. The group's leader has the authority to make the final decision of the group.\" From the definition, a clear difference can be seen in the decision making process, it differ from the autocratic approach in a point that all employees are highly involved in the decision making process. One of the famous companies that famously implemented the democratic leadership style is Zappos.com. The online retail company has eliminated traditional titles and flattened the typical corporate hierarchy. Each style above has advantages and disadvantages, for instance in HSBC Decisions can be made quickly but it is not always works especially in long term because it deskill the employees and the team always relies on the leader. 6 Motivation The success of a company can be always tracked back to its motivated employees. Motivation can drive an employee to be happy, hardworking, and productive, thus efficiently leading the company to achieve its goals. Motivation is a procedure to stimulate workers to the work objective through a particular way and process, this is not an item rather system or strategy or workmanship. Motivational Theories McClelland's Theory 7 McClelland's theory studied the differences between people and found that employee needs are acquired as a result of their life experiences. The above picture shows that McClelland's outlined the motivational needs of employees into three main points each of them is important for the employee, next paragraph will explain how each point could affect the employees work. People motivated by rewards and HSBC also agreed with that motivation is based on giving people an appropriate combination of rewards. There are a number of different theories as to what motivates workers. HSBC believed that they have to treat their employees as partners in the business and to keep them followed by all the information about the performance of the work and the management decisions, and listen to their views to insure that they have a comfortable working environment and the right training for the job. Moreover, HSBC group regarded the way of motivating staff through offering various organizational benefits. HSBC offer an advantages bundle that is adaptable and is certain to the 8 decision of employees. Employees are allowed to pick their mix of advantages (Pension plans, and so forth.) contingent upon their own needs. Similarly, as in Al Rayan Bank, in HSBC the pioneers motivate their subordinates through such budgetary prizes. Hence, enhancing the relationship between the staff and the association and creating the feeling of belongingness. This marvel can be tended to as in the hypothesis of hierarchy of needs where affection and belongingness are considered as the third step in levels of human needs. It is accounted for in the organization's site, there is another project called "Branch Leadership Program" presented in HSBC. Furthermore, The HSBC website shows that there is a new program called \"Branch Leadership Program\" which is A two-year system intended to give graduates keen on venture administration as well as operations with a fast track to a leadership career in Operations, Technology and Services with a main worldwide bank. As can be seen, HSBC's such an exceptional open door must be exceedingly coveted by everybody who sets yearning objectives and expects awesome changes in their future. With the help of McClelland's theory of need, it is easier to decipher how HSBC, as an association, inspires its representatives towards achievement. Since, for a specific sort of individuals, the quintessence and engaging quality of "Power" is exceptional and they strive hard to get that power and feel fundamentally critical among individuals. Driving individuals and affecting them through own potential is a kind of need to picking up force. 9 McGregor's Theory Douglas McGregor suggests two theories to explain why people work Theory X assumes that workers are lazy, motivated by money and will only work if management pushes them. Theory Y believes that workers are motivated by many different factors and are responsible and committed. Theory "X" gives off an impression of being very relevant to the Al Rayan bank. Since, the nature of Al Rayan bank requires taking after an orderly approach which connections to bureaucratic framework. At the end of the day, as Theory X accept that individuals are hesitant to work and reckless, decision-making ought to be incorporated to the top power. At that point, subsequently, the exactness of the operations. However, Al-Rayan bank also is partially implement some points from the theory \"Y\". For instance, the most important factor for the bank is faith, so they motivate their employees by 10 closing all the branches on Friday afternoons to allow the staff to attend Friday prayers. In fact, that would give some sort of responsibility to the employees for being giving a time to perform an important religious ritual and being motivated by such a policy. The bank also has a Sharia department and an independent Sharia Supervisory Committee to ensure that its products are compliant with Islamic teachings. In brief I can say, in order for AL- Rayan Bank to progress, creative team working should be encouraged. Continuously, while leader's perception about staff is based on Theory X, there will not be any chance for team cooperation. So, they have to go more with Theory Y which is believes that workers want to take responsibility and they are looking to develop themselves and they are self-motivated, to encourage their employees to work hard and encouraging their employees to share their ideas, and facilitating the conversation. In general, Democratic leadership will work better with employees that fell under theory \"Y\". Developing effective teamwork There is a lot of factors can effective on team working one of them is Poor connection between the team this could stop the effective team working by closing down information flow. While Good communication decides the failure or success of projects requiring teamwork, and ultimately, the business itself. At the point when team members speak with open minds , and by making inquiries instead of making presumptions, they build trust and agreement in the workplace. These components cooperate to make a business society of fellowship and achievement. Team working has many advantages, one of them is making new companionships, a feeling of gathering achievement and conveyance of obligations. Then again, cooperation likewise may bring about 11 pressure and nervousness among representatives in light of poor correspondence. Compelling correspondence can wipe out a great part of the anxiety and negative sentiments in some cases connected with working nearly as a group. Entrepreneurs ought to urge their representatives to correspond with each other unmistakably when cooperating. This is particularly critical for littler organizations, whose representatives frequently must work intimately with each other. Good communication decides the failure or success of projects requiring teamwork, and ultimately, the business itself. At the point when team members speak with open minds, and by making inquiries instead of making presumptions, they build trust and agreement in the workplace. These components cooperate to make a business society of fellowship and achievement. The folloing section will discuess Bebin theory in team roles. Belbin Team Roles Belbin have outlined different types of people behavior in the organization and with team work this nine types called Team Roles. 12 As shown in previous picture that different roles must be composed of any team to achieve objectives and to get highly performance. They adjunct and build up each other, even though they compete with each other. A team role says a lot about the style of work of a team member and comes from the personality of the individual. In practice, any organization have three or four team roles that befitting different group work naturally and some that team work really do not like. Both banks believe that if the organization want to achieve goals and to be a successful they need a good Team working because the team will help the company to get successful in all areas including managing new projects, Sales , IT. Conclusion 13 References Hsbc.co.uk, (2015). HSBC Personal Banking and Online Banking | HSBC UK. [online] Available at: https://www.hsbc.co.uk [Accessed 10 Nov. 2015]. Alrayanbank.co.uk, (2015). Al Rayan Bank | Islamic banking | Sharia compliant & ethical. [online] Available at: http://www.alrayanbank.co.uk [Accessed 12 Nov. 2015]. Khusanraymjonov, (2014). Understanding Management & Leadership Approaches In The Case Of Two Different Business Organizations. [online] Available at: https://khusanraymjonov.wordpress.com/2014/11/28/understandingmanagementleadership approachesinthecaseoftwodifferentbusinessorganizations/ [Accessed 16 Nov. 2015]. Knowledge.hsbc.co.uk, (2015). Motivating employees. [online] Available at: https://www.knowledge.hsbc.co.uk/toolsandresources/article/motivatingemployees [Accessed 18 Nov. 2015]. 14 Businessdictionary.com, (2015). BusinessDictionary.com Online Business Dictionary. [online] Available at: http://www.businessdictionary.com [Accessed 18 Nov. 2015]. The Huffington Post UK, (2015). No Idea About Islamic Banking? Here's Six Things You Need To Know. [online] Available at: http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2014/06/25/islamicbankingbonds shariauk_n_5521566.html [Accessed 24 Nov. 2015]. British Muslims in Numbers. (2015). 1st ed. [eBook] LONDON: the Muslim Council of Britain's Research & Documentation Committee. Available at: http://www.mcb.org.uk/wp content/uploads/2015/02/MCBCensusReport_2015.pdf [Accessed 24 Nov. 2015]. EFFECTIVE TEAMWORK IN ORGANIZATIONS. (2015). [Blog] KHUSANRAYMJONOV. Available at: https://khusanraymjonov.wordpress.com [Accessed 23 Nov. 2015]. Analytictech.com, (2015). Motivation. [online] Available at: http://www.analytictech.com/mb021/motivation.htm [Accessed 19 Nov. 2015]. 15 ORGNIZATION BEHAVIOR REPORT A COMPARISON BETWEEN HSBC AND AL- RAYAN ISLAMIC BANK PREAPEARD FOR MR. GREG TURTON BY IBTISAM ABDELLA SADU 23 - 11 - 2015 CONTENT 1- Introduction....................................................... 2- Leadership......................................................... 2.1 What is leadership style? 2.2 What are leadership skills and traits? 2.3 How leadership could effect on the Team work? 3- Motivation......................................................... 3.1 What is Motivation? 3.2 Theories and perspective on Motivation? 3.3 How to motivate the employees in workplace? 4- Developing team working....................................... 4.1 What is Team working 4.2 Belbin team roles theory 5- Conclusion.......................................................... 6- References.......................................................... Introduction 2 Management is an essential element in every working entity that ensure its profitability and continuity. Managers can enhance their employees' productivity through constant motivation, effective teamwork, and great leadership. In this paper, different management approaches will be discussed to create a bigger picture of what proper management should be like. HSBC and AlRayan bank are financial institutions based in the UK with a different banking system. Different aspects of both companies will be compared between the two banks to understand the effectiveness of each banks' management approach. HSBC bank was established in 1865 to finance trade between Europe and Asia. HSBC bank has around 6,600 offices in 80 countries and territories across Africa, Asia, Oceania, Europe, North America and South America, serving around 60 million customers. Today HSBC is one of the world's biggest managing an account and money related administrations associations serving in the range of 48 million clients. Stuart Gulliver (2015), HSBC Group Chief Executive, states (HSBC is all around situated in the more quickly developing markets and crosswise over worldwide exchange streams to profit by these motors of worldwide development). On the other hand, Al-Rayan bank is an Islamic bank located in the United Kingdom. Al-Rayan bank was established in August 2004 to provide financial service products to British Muslims. Furthermore, Al-Rayan bank is the first British bank guaranteeing to work, completely, as per Islamic principles. Vast majorities of the European Muslims are living in the United Kingdom and their numbers are on the rise day by day. According to a study by David Voas (2015), a professor at Essex University, he revealed that Britain's Muslim population (including Scotland and N. 3 Ireland) increased from 1.6 million in 2001 to almost 2.8 million in 2011. That represents approximately seventy-five percent increase over the past ten years.Indeed, Islamic finance is not only for Muslims, it is available for everyone. Islamic banks functions by working without the utilization of premium and is established on Islamic account standards got from exchange, business enterprise and danger sharing. Finally, Al-Rayan bank provides Sharia compliant savings, finance and current account services to over 50,000 personal, business and premier customers. Having introduced HSBC and AL-Rayan bank, the paper now will discuss the aspects of leadership and its effect on the organization, ways to motivate employees in workplace, and ways to develop effective teamwork. Leadership "Leadership is a process of social influence in which one person is able to enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task." Common tasks and social activities define leadership but in reality, it is more complex. Leaders are required today to challenge business as usual, create visions of the future, and inspire organizational members. Leadership styles can be characterized as the path in which the elements of initiative are the route in which the pioneer normally acts towards individuals from the gathering or the association. Some leaders are humanistic and they care about the environment in the workplace and how this can effect on their employees while other make decisions based on their ideas and judgments and they don't accept any interruptions form the employees. From the definition above, leadership could be divided into: 4 Autocratic leadership style Democratic leadership style Autocratic Leadership Style Businessdictionary.com has defined the autocratic leadership as follow \"A leadership style in which the leader dictates policies and procedures, decides what goals are to be achieved, and directs and controls all activities without any meaningful participation by the subordinates.\" HSBC has been led by several world-class Executives, as reported by HSBC Bank (2014): \"In HSBC bank they follow an Autocratic leadership style, in which the Group General Manager and CEO make all the decisions and lead the Organization. While the employees are only responsible to report to the Chief Executive, named Stuart Gulliver\". So, the authority over decision-making, control, administration and staffing is centralized as a responsibility of the CEO. Considering this fact, the form of autocratic leadership is utilized in managing the organization of HSBC. The primary reason why the organization is managed through autocracy is that the company is multinational and in fact, HSBC serves its customers in about 9500 offices located in 89 countries (Thinking Bookworm, 2009). The necessity of bureaucracy and direction by chief leaders is indispensable as long as the operations and processes being carried in the company are immense and complex. Likewise, Al-Rayan bank also implements the autocratic leadership style within its financial institutions. In general, it's rare that banks do not implement the democratic approach due to the risky business. For instance, a major sector of any financial institutions is investment, and it 5 requires a careful and fast decision from a qualified and authorized personnel. Thus, banks executives have to follow the autocratic leadership style in order to avoid ineffective critical decisions. Democratic Leadership Style In contrast, democratic leadership style had the opposite characteristics compare to the autocratic leadership style. Again, Businessdictionary.com has defined the democratic leadership as \"Involves a team guided by a leader where all individuals are involved in the decision-making process to determine what needs to be done and how it should be done. The group's leader has the authority to make the final decision of the group.\" From the definition, a clear difference can be seen in the decision making process, it differ from the autocratic approach in a point that all employees are highly involved in the decision making process. One of the famous companies that famously implemented the democratic leadership style is Zappos.com. The online retail company has eliminated traditional titles and flattened the typical corporate hierarchy. Each style above has advantages and disadvantages, for instance in HSBC Decisions can be made quickly but it does not always work especially in the long run because it deskill the employees and the team always relies on the leader. 6 Motivation The success of a company can be always tracked back to its motivated employees. Motivation can drive an employee to be happy, hardworking, and productive, thus efficiently leading the company to achieve its goals. Motivation is a procedure to stimulate workers to the work objective through a particular way and process, this is not an item rather system or strategy or workmanship. Motivational Theories 7 McClelland's Theory McClelland's theory studied the differences between people and found that employee needs are acquired as a result of their life experiences. The above picture shows that McClelland's outlined the motivational needs of employees into three main points each of them is important for the employee, next paragraph will explain how each point could affect the employees work. People motivated by rewards and HSBC also agreed with that motivation is based on giving people an appropriate combination of rewards. There are a number of different theories as to what motivates workers. HSBC believed that they have to treat their employees as partners in the business and to keep them followed by all the information about the performance of the work and the management decisions, and listen to their views to ensure that they have a comfortable working environment and the right training for the job. 8 Moreover, HSBC group regarded motivating staff through offers and various organizational benefits. HSBC offer an advantages bundle that is adaptable and is certain to the decision of employees. Employees are allowed to pick their mix of advantages (Pension plans, and so forth.) contingent upon their own needs. Similarly, as in Al Rayan Bank, in HSBC the pioneers motivate their subordinates through such budgetary prizes hence, enhancing the relationship between the staff and the association and creating the feeling of belongingness. This marvel can be tended to as in the hypothesis of hierarchy of needs where affection and belongingness are considered as the third step in levels of human needs. It is accounted for in the organization's site, there is another project called "Branch Leadership Program" presented in HSBC. Furthermore, The HSBC website shows that there is a new program called \"Branch Leadership Program\" which is a two-year system intended to give graduates keen to venture in administration as well as operations with a fast track to a leadership career in operations, technology and services with a main worldwide bank. As can be seen, HSBC's such an exceptional open door must be exceedingly coveted by everybody who sets yearning objectives and expects awesome changes in their future. With the help of McClelland's theory of need, it is easier to decipher how HSBC, as an association, inspires its representatives towards achievement. Since, for a specific sort of individuals, the quintessence and engaging quality of "Power" is exceptional and they strive hard to get that power and feel fundamentally critical among individuals. Driving individuals and affecting them through own potential is a kind of need to picking up force. 9 McGregor's Theory Douglas McGregor suggests two theories to explain why people work Theory X assumes that workers are lazy, motivated by money and will only work if management pushes them. Theory Y believes that workers are motivated by many different factors and are responsible and committed. Theory "X" gives off an impression of being very relevant to the Al Rayan bank. Since, the nature of Al Rayan bank requires taking after an orderly approach whose connections are based on bureaucratic framework. At the end of the day, as Theory X accept that individuals are hesitant to work and reckless, decision-making ought to be incorporated to the top power. At that point, subsequently, the exactness of the operations. 10 However, Al-Rayan bank also is partially implement some points from the theory \"Y\". For instance, the most important factor for the bank is faith, so they motivate their employees by closing all the branches on Friday afternoons to allow the staff to attend Friday prayers. In fact, that would give some sort of responsibility to the employees for being allowing time to perform an important religious ritual and being motivated by such a policy. The bank also has a Sharia department and an independent Sharia Supervisory Committee to ensure that its products are compliant with Islamic teachings. In brief I can say, in order for AL- Rayan Bank to progress, creative team working should be encouraged. Continuously, while leader's perception about staff is based on Theory X, there will not be any chance for team cooperation. So, they have to go more with Theory Y which is believes that workers want to take responsibility and they are looking to develop themselves and they are self-motivated, to encourage their employees to work hard and encouraging their employees to share their ideas, and facilitating the conversation. In general, Democratic leadership will work better with employees that fell under theory \"Y\". Developing effective teamwork There are a lot of factors that can affect effectiveness of a team work. To begin with, poor connection between the team this could stop the effective team working by closing down information flow. While Good communication decides the failure or success of projects requiring teamwork, and ultimately, the business itself. At the point when team members speak with an open mind, and by making enquiries instead of making presumptions, they build trust and agreement in the workplace. These components cooperate to make a business society of fellowship and 11 achievement. Team working has many advantages, one of them is making new companionships, a feeling of gathering achievement and conveyance of obligations. Then again, cooperation likewise may bring about pressure and nervousness among representatives in light of poor correspondence. Compelling correspondence can wipe out a great part of the anxiety and negative sentiments in some cases connected with working nearly as a group. Entrepreneurs ought to urge their representatives to correspond with each other unmistakably when cooperating. This is particularly critical for littler organizations, whose representatives frequently must work intimately with each other. Good communication decides the failure or success of projects requiring teamwork, and ultimately, the business itself. At the point when team members speak with open minds, and by making inquiries instead of making presumptions, they build trust and agreement in the workplace. These components cooperate to make a business society of fellowship and achievement. The following section will discuss Belbin theory in team roles. Belbin Team Roles Belbin have outlined different types of people behavior in the organization and with team work this nine types called Team Roles. 12 As shown in the previous picture, different roles must be composed of any team to achieve objectives and to get high performance. They adjunct and build up each other, even though they compete with each other. A team role says a lot about the style of work of a team member and comes from the personality of the individual. In practice, any organization have three or four team roles that befitting different group work naturally and some that team work really do not like. Both banks believe that if the organization want to achieve goals and to be a successful they need a good Team working because the team will help the company to get successful in all areas including managing new projects, Sales , IT. 13 Conclusion In leadership, one person aids other people in the accomplishment of a common task. Two styles are used; autocratic-where a leader dictates goals, procedures and activities and democratic style where all individuals or their representatives are involved in decision making. HSBC and Al Rayan use the autocratic leadership where the management and the CEO make all decisions about the bank and its operations. Autocracy works best for HBSC. The necessity of bureaucracy is indispensable for there to be a sense of direction in the many outlets all over the world. Zappos is famous for using the democratic system and having the corporate ladder flattened. Motivation stimulates workers to a work objective through a given process. A number of theories explain the motivation processes. McClelland's theory relates employee motivation to their own life experiences and needs. McGregor's theory presents the 'X' Theory which portrays workers as lazy people who lack ambition and the 'Y' Theory portraying them as ambitious, committed and motivated by different factors. Al Rayan implements the Theory 'X' and borrows slightly from Theory 'Y'. Team Work is an essential aspect of the operations and running of an organization. Communications is a crucial factor that determines the flow and breakdown of information from the disseminator to the recipients. Advantages of team work include making of new companionships, feeling of shared achievement and conveyance of obligation. The success or failure of projects requiring team work is determined by quality of communication. With proper communication and team work, employees make enquiries instead of presumptions and there is resultant trust and agreement in the work place. Belbin team roles are used to show the different 14 types of people and the roles they play best in a team. Banks, just like other companies need proper effective leadership and team work for their staff. References Hsbc.co.uk, (2015). HSBC Personal Banking and Online Banking | HSBC UK. [online] Available at: https://www.hsbc.co.uk [Accessed 10 Nov. 2015]. Alrayanbank.co.uk, (2015). Al Rayan Bank | Islamic banking | Sharia compliant & ethical. [online] Available at: http://www.alrayanbank.co.uk [Accessed 12 Nov. 2015]. Khusanraymjonov, (2014). Understanding Management & Leadership Approaches In The Case Of Two Different Business Organizations. [online] Available at: 15 https://khusanraymjonov.wordpress.com/2014/11/28/understandingmanagementleadership approachesinthecaseoftwodifferentbusinessorganizations/ [Accessed 16 Nov. 2015]. Knowledge.hsbc.co.uk, (2015). Motivating employees. [online] Available at: https://www.knowledge.hsbc.co.uk/toolsandresources/article/motivatingemployees [Accessed 18 Nov. 2015]. Businessdictionary.com, (2015). BusinessDictionary.com Online Business Dictionary. [online] Available at: http://www.businessdictionary.com [Accessed 18 Nov. 2015]. The Huffington Post UK, (2015). No Idea About Islamic Banking? Here's Six Things You Need To Know. [online] Available at: http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2014/06/25/islamicbankingbonds shariauk_n_5521566.html [Accessed 24 Nov. 2015]. British Muslims in Numbers. (2015). 1st ed. [eBook] LONDON: the Muslim Council of Britain's Research & Documentation Committee. Available at: http://www.mcb.org.uk/wp content/uploads/2015/02/MCBCensusReport_2015.pdf [Accessed 24 Nov. 2015]. EFFECTIVE TEAMWORK IN ORGANIZATIONS. (2015). [Blog] KHUSANRAYMJONOV. Available at: https://khusanraymjonov.wordpress.com [Accessed 23 Nov. 2015]. Analytictech.com, (2015). Motivation. [online] Available at: http://www.analytictech.com/mb021/motivation.htm [Accessed 19 Nov. 2015]. 16 ORGNIZATION BEHAVIOR REPORT A COMPARISON BETWEEN HSBC AND AL- RAYAN ISLAMIC BANK PREAPEARD FOR MR. GREG TURTON BY IBTISAM ABDELLA SADU 23 - 11 - 2015 CONTENT 1- Introduction....................................................... 2- Leadership......................................................... 2.1 What is leadership style? 2.2 What are leadership skills and traits? 2.3 How leadership could effect on the Team work? 3- Motivation......................................................... 3.1 What is Motivation? 3.2 Theories and perspective on Motivation? 3.3 How to motivate the employees in workplace? 4- Developing team working....................................... 4.1 What is Team working 4.2 Belbin team roles theory 5- Conclusion.......................................................... 6- References.......................................................... Introduction 2 Management is an essential element in every working entity that ensure its profitability and continuity. Managers can enhance their employees' productivity through constant motivation, effective teamwork, and great leadership. In this paper, different management approaches will be discussed to create a bigger picture of what proper management should be like. HSBC and AlRayan bank are financial institutions based in the UK with a different banking system. Different aspects of both companies will be compared between the two banks to understand the effectiveness of each banks' management approach. HSBC bank was established in 1865 to finance trade between Europe and Asia. HSBC bank has around 6,600 offices in 80 countries and territories across Africa, Asia, Oceania, Europe, North America and South America, serving around 60 million customers. Today HSBC is one of the world's biggest managing an account and money related administrations associations serving in the range of 48 million clients. Stuart Gulliver (2015), HSBC Group Chief Executive, states (HSBC is all around situated in the more quickly developing markets and crosswise over worldwide exchange streams to profit by these motors of worldwide development). On the other hand, Al-Rayan bank is an Islamic bank located in the United Kingdom. Al-Rayan bank was established in August 2004 to provide financial service products to British Muslims. Furthermore, Al-Rayan bank is the first British bank guaranteeing to work, completely, as per Islamic principles. Vast majorities of the European Muslims are living in the United Kingdom and their numbers are on the rise day by day. According to a study by David Voas (2015), a professor at Essex University, he revealed that Britain's Muslim population (including Scotland and N. 3 Ireland) increased from 1.6 million in 2001 to almost 2.8 million in 2011. That represents approximately seventy-five percent increase over the past ten years.Indeed, Islamic finance is not only for Muslims, it is available for everyone. Islamic banks functions by working without the utilization of premium and is established on Islamic account standards got from exchange, business enterprise and danger sharing. Finally, Al-Rayan bank provides Sharia compliant savings, finance and current account services to over 50,000 personal, business and premier customers. Having introduced HSBC and AL-Rayan bank, the paper now will discuss the aspects of leadership and its effect on the organization, ways to motivate employees in workplace, and ways to develop effective teamwork. Leadership "Leadership is a process of social influence in which one person is able to enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task." Common tasks and social activities define leadership but in reality, it is more complex. Leaders are required today to challenge business as usual, create visions of the future, and inspire organizational members. Leadership styles can be characterized as the path in which the elements of initiative are the route in which the pioneer normally acts towards individuals from the gathering or the association. Some leaders are humanistic and they care about the environment in the workplace and how this can effect on their employees while other make decisions based on their ideas and judgments and they don't accept any interruptions form the employees. From the definition above, leadership could be divided into: 4 Autocratic leadership style Democratic leadership style Autocratic Leadership Style Businessdictionary.com has defined the autocratic leadership as follow \"A leadership style in which the leader dictates policies and procedures, decides what goals are to be achieved, and directs and controls all activities without any meaningful participation by the subordinates.\" HSBC has been led by several world-class Executives, as reported by HSBC Bank (2014): \"In HSBC bank they follow an Autocratic leadership style, in which the Group General Manager and CEO make all the decisions and lead the Organization. While the employees are only responsible to report to the Chief Executive, named Stuart Gulliver\". So, the authority over decision-making, control, administration and staffing is centralized as a responsibility of the CEO. Considering this fact, the form of autocratic leadership is utilized in managing the organization of HSBC. The primary reason why the organization is managed through autocracy is that the company is multinational and in fact, HSBC serves its customers in about 9500 offices located in 89 countries (Thinking Bookworm, 2009). The necessity of bureaucracy and direction by chief leaders is indispensable as long as the operations and processes being carried in the company are immense and complex. Likewise, Al-Rayan bank also implements the autocratic leadership style within its financial institutions. In general, it's rare that banks do not implement the democratic approach due to the risky business. For instance, a major sector of any financial institutions is investment, and it 5 requires a careful and fast decision from a qualified and authorized personnel. Thus, banks executives have to follow the autocratic leadership style in order to avoid ineffective critical decisions. Democratic Leadership Style In contrast, democratic leadership style had the opposite characteristics compare to the autocratic leadership style. Again, Businessdictionary.com has defined the democratic leadership as \"Involves a team guided by a leader where all individuals are involved in the decision-making process to determine what needs to be done and how it should be done. The group's leader has the authority to make the final decision of the group.\" From the definition, a clear difference can be seen in the decision making process, it differ from the autocratic approach in a point that all employees are highly involved in the decision making process. One of the famous companies that famously implemented the democratic leadership style is Zappos.com. The online retail company has eliminated traditional titles and flattened the typical corporate hierarchy. Each style above has advantages and disadvantages, for instance in HSBC Decisions can be made quickly but it does not always work especially in the long run because it deskill the employees and the team always relies on the leader. 6 Motivation The success of a company can be always tracked back to its motivated employees. Motivation can drive an employee to be happy, hardworking, and productive, thus efficiently leading the company to achieve its goals. Motivation is a procedure to stimulate workers to the work objective through a particular way and process, this is not an item rather system or strategy or workmanship. Motivational Theories 7 McClelland's Theory McClelland's theory studied the differences between people and found that employee needs are acquired as a result of their life experiences. The above picture shows that McClelland's outlined the motivational needs of employees into three main points each of them is important for the employee, next paragraph will explain how each point could affect the employees work. People motivated by rewards and HSBC also agreed with that motivation is based on giving people an appropriate combination of rewards. There are a number of different theories as to what motivates workers. HSBC believed that they have to treat their employees as partners in the business and to keep them followed by all the information about the performance of the work and the management decisions, and listen to their views to ensure that they have a comfortable working environment and the right training for the job. 8 Moreover, HSBC group regarded motivating staff through offers and various organizational benefits. HSBC offer an advantages bundle that is adaptable and is certain to the decision of employees. Employees are allowed to pick their mix of advantages (Pension plans, and so forth.) contingent upon their own needs. Similarly, as in Al Rayan Bank, in HSBC the pioneers motivate their subordinates through such budgetary prizes hence, enhancing the relationship between the staff and the association and creating the feeling of belongingness. This marvel can be tended to as in the hypothesis of hierarchy of needs where affection and belongingness are considered as the third step in levels of human needs. It is accounted for in the organization's site, there is another project called "Branch Leadership Program" presented in HSBC. Furthermore, The HSBC website shows that there is a new program called \"Branch Leadership Program\" which is a two-year system intended to give graduates keen to venture in administration as well as operations with a fast track to a leadership career in operations, technology and services with a main worldwide bank. As can be seen, HSBC's such an exceptional open door must be exceedingly coveted by everybody who sets yearning objectives and expects awesome changes in their future. With the help of McClelland's theory of need, it is easier to decipher how HSBC, as an association, inspires its representatives towards achievement. Since, for a specific sort of individuals, the quintessence and engaging quality of "Power" is exceptional and they strive hard to get that power and feel fundamentally critical among individuals. Driving individuals and affecting them through own potential is a kind of need to picking up force. 9 McGregor's Theory Douglas McGregor suggests two theories to explain why people work Theory X assumes that workers are lazy, motivated by money and will only work if management pushes them. Theory Y believes that workers are motivated by many different factors and are responsible and committed. Theory "X" gives off an impression of being very relevant to the Al Rayan bank. Since, the nature of Al Rayan bank requires taking after an orderly approach whose connections are based on bureaucratic framework. At the end of the day, as Theory X accept that individuals are hesitant to work and reckless, decision-making ought to be incorporated to the top power. At that point, subsequently, the exactness of the operations. 10 However, Al-Rayan bank also is partially implement some points from the theory \"Y\". For instance, the most important factor for the bank is faith, so they motivate their employees by closing all the branches on Friday afternoons to allow the staff to attend Friday prayers. In fact, that would give some sort of responsibility to the employees for being allowing time to perform an important religious ritual and being motivated by such a policy. The bank also has a Sharia department and an independent Sharia Supervisory Committee to ensure that its products are compliant with Islamic teachings. In brief I can say, in order for AL- Rayan Bank to progress, creative team working should be encouraged. Continuously, while leader's perception about staff is based on Theory X, there will not be any chance for team cooperation. So, they have to go more with Theory Y which is believes that workers want to take responsibility and they are looking to develop themselves and they are self-motivated, to encourage their employees to work hard and encouraging their employees to share their ideas, and facilitating the conversation. In general, Democratic leadership will work better with employees that fell under theory \"Y\". Developing effective teamwork There are a lot of factors that can affect effectiveness of a team work. To begin with, poor connection between the team this could stop the effective team working by closing down information flow. While Good communication decides the failure or success of projects requiring teamwork, and ultimately, the business itself. At the point when team members speak with an open mind, and by making enquiries instead of making presumptions, they build trust and agreement in the workplace. These components cooperate to make a business society of fellowship and 11 achievement. Team working has many advantages, one of them is making new companionships, a feeling of gathering achievement and conveyance of obligations. Then again, cooperation likewise may bring about pressure and nervousness among representatives in light of poor correspondence. Compelling correspondence can wipe out a great part of the anxiety and negative sentiments in some cases connected with working nearly as a group. Entrepreneurs ought to urge their representatives to correspond with each other unmistakably when cooperating. This is particularly critical for littler organizations, whose representatives frequently must work intimately with each other. Good communication decides the failure or success of projects requiring teamwork, and ultimately, the business itself. At the point when team members speak with open minds, and by making inquiries instead of making presumptions, they build trust and agreement in the workplace. These components cooperate to make a business society of fellowship and achievement. The following section will discuss Belbin theory in team roles. Belbin Team Roles Belbin have outlined different types of people behavior in the organization and with team work this nine types called Team Roles. 12 As shown in the previous picture, different roles must be composed of any team to achieve objectives and to get high performance. They adjunct and build up each other, even though they compete with each other. A team role says a lot about the style of work of a team member and comes from the personality of the individual. In practice, any organization have three or four team roles that befitting different group work naturally and some that team work really do not like. Both banks believe that if the organization want to achieve goals and to be a successful they need a good Team working because the team will help the company to get successful in all areas including managing new projects, Sales , IT. 13 Conclusion In leadership, one person aids other people in the accomplishment of a common task. Two styles are used; autocratic-where a leader dictates goals, procedures and activities and democratic style where all individuals or their representatives are involved in decision making. HSBC and Al Rayan use the autocratic leadership where the management and the CEO make all decisions about the bank and its operations. Autocracy works best for HBSC. The necessity of bureaucracy is indispensable for there to be a sense of direction in the many outlets all over the world. Zappos is famous for using the democratic system and having the corporate ladder flattened. Motivation stimulates workers to a work objective through a given process. A number of theories explain the motivation processes. McClelland's theory relates employee motivation to their own life experiences and needs. McGregor's theory presents the 'X' Theory which portrays workers as lazy people who lack ambition and the 'Y' Theory portraying them as ambitious, committed and motivated by different factors. Al Rayan implements the Theory 'X' and borrows slightly from Theory 'Y'. Team Work is an essential aspect of the operations and running of an organization. Communications is a crucial factor that determines the flow and breakdown of information from the disseminator to the recipients. Advantages of team work include making of new companionships, feeling of shared achievement and conveyance of obligation. The success or failure of projects requiring team work is determined by quality of communication. With proper communication and team work, employees make enquiries instead of presumption