Each of the following scenarios presents a claim by a researcher.Assume that the sample sizes in each case was in the range of 20 to 25 observations per sample in each case.Answer the following for each scenario: (12 marks) (i)state the appropriate null (HO) and alternate hypothesis (HA) in symbolic form(e.g. Hx : Meanleft = Meanright);(ii)indicate whether it is a 1or 2-tailed test and state the direction for 1-tailed tests.

A.Whether spawning male (Mw) and female (Fw) salmon have different weights.

B. A climatologist believes that when snow falls on Bighorn Mountain (located in the Canadian Rockies) more snow falls on the west-facing side (Ws) than on the east-facing side (Es).Data were collected for all snowfalls greater than 4 cm in December to March 2016-17.

C. Whether the rainstorms in August (AI) are more intense (cm/h) than those in May (MI) in Peterborough county.

D.Whether student final grades are different in an online summer course compared to the same course taught face-to-face during the fall semester.