For each research situation below, identify the independent and dependent variables. Classify each in terms of the level of measurement and whether the variable is discrete or continuous. (each variable is worth 2 marks)

a. Does tolerance for diversity vary by ethnicity or gender? Samples of males and females from various ethnic groups have been given a survey that measures their interest in and appreciation of cultures and groups other than their own.

b. Several provinces have drastically cut their budgets for mental health care. Will this increase the number of homeless people in these provinces? A researcher contacts a number of agencies serving the homeless in each province and develops an estimate of the size of the population before and after the cuts.