Forecasted Statements and Ratios

Upton Computers makes bulk purchases of small computers, stocks them in conveniently located warehouses, ships them to its chain of retail stores, and has a staff to advise customers and help them set up their new computers. Upton's balance sheet as of December 31, 2019, is shown here (millions of dollars):

Cash	$ 3.5		Accounts payable	$ 9.0
Receivables	26.0		Notes payable	18.0
Inventories	58.0		Line of credit	0
Total current assets	$ 87.5		Accruals	8.5
Net fixed assets	35.0		Total current liabilities	$ 35.5
			Mortgage loan	6.0
			Common stock	15.0
			Retained earnings	66.0
Total assets	$122.5		Total liabilities and equity	$122.5

Sales for 2019 were $225 million and net income for the year was $6.75 million, so the firm's profit margin was 3.0%. Upton paid dividends of $2.7 million to common stockholders, so its payout ratio was 40%. Its tax rate was 25%, and it operated at full capacity. Assume that all assets/sales ratios, (spontaneous liabilities)/sales ratios, the profit margin, and the payout ratio remain constant in 2020. Do not round intermediate calculations.

Using the AFN equation, determine Upton's self-supporting growth rate. That is, what is the maximum growth rate the firm can achieve without having to employ nonspontaneous external funds? Round your answer to two decimal places.

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